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  • Bridgeport History Center

    Summary Information

    Repository:
    Bridgeport History Center, Bridgeport Public Library

    Bridgeport, Connecticut

    Creator:
    P.T. Barnum; Nancy Fish; Jenny Lind; Charles S. Stratton; M. Lavinia Warren; others
    Dates [inclusive]:
    1735-1988
    Bulk Dates [bulk]:
    1830-1921
    Physical location:
    The Bridgeport History Center 925 Broad Street, Bridgeport, Connecticut
    Languages:
    Languages represented in the collection: English

    Preferred Citation

    [Name of Item], P.T. Barnum Research Collection (BHC-MSS 0001), Bridgeport History Center.

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    Biographies

    P.T. Barnum Phineas Taylor (P. T.) Barnum was born in Bethel, Connecticut on 5 July, 1810. Barnum’s name is popularly associated with the Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth, but the circus was only one facet of his career. He didn’t begin his involvement with the circus until he was in his sixties, following an extraordinarily successful tenure as the proprietor of the American Museum in New York City (1842 to 1868). In some respects the circus can be viewed as his retirement project. Barnum was approached by entrepreneur William C. Coup, who asked him to be a partner and lend his name to the circus that he, Coup, was creating; Barnum’s name was already famous and would be a draw. James A. Bailey, a better known partner of Barnum’s, entered the picture in the 1880s.

    Barnum’s early life is covered in his autobiographies Life of P.T. Barnum and Struggles and Triumphs, as well as later biographies written by others. As a boy, Barnum was particularly well loved by his namesake maternal grandfather, who himself was known for his practical jokes and keen sense of humor. The family had little money and when Barnum’s father died, his teenaged son went to work in an uncle’s general store to help support the family. Here he learned a great deal about the competitive nature of people, and was exposed to local characters who constantly tried to best others and stretched the truth in making deals.

    In 1829 Barnum married tailoress Charity Hallett, despite her mother’s disapproval, and started his own store while also running a lottery in Bethel. At age 21, he also became a newspaperman, producing 160 issues of the weekly Herald of Freedom, which ran from 1831 to 1834. He began the paper in defiant response to the Danbury newspaper editor’s refusal to print Barnum’s opinions, which were primarily reactionary to the predominant Calvinist views in the area. Barnum himself had been raised in the Congregational church but turned to the Universalist religion which offered a more uplifting view of humanity. Never shy about voicing his opinions in print, Barnum was sued for libel three times and jailed for 60 days while the paper was in print.

    During his time as the editor of the Herald of Freedom, P.T. and his wife Charity had their first child, Caroline, who was born May 27, 1833. A few months after her birth, the young family moved to New York City. Barnum tried various ways to make a living, from selling groceries to running a boarding house for visitors from Connecticut. A man from Redding, Connecticut, alerted him to the possibility of purchasing an elderly African American woman named Joice Heth, whose owner billed her as 161 years old and the former nurse to George Washington. Barnum was intrigued, and purchased and freed her, but in fact the crippled and elderly woman, suffering from dementia and delusions, had little choice but to travel around to be displayed and tell her tales of raising young George. Later in life Barnum explicitly wrote that he regretted this exploitation, and he supported the 13th amendment during his political career in the Connecticut State Legislature. But at the time, in his mid-twenties, his experience with Heth gave him a taste for showmanship, which propelled him to starting a new career. Heth passed in 1836.

    Through a clever business deal in 1841, Barnum acquired Scudder’s Museum, a rather tired place on Broadway that had ceased to attract visitors. Rejuvenating this museum quickly became his passion, and helped cement his status as the father of popular entertainment in America.

    Barnum's American Museum operated at the corner of Broadway and Ann Street from 1841 to 1865 until it was destroyed by a fire, and then moved to 539-541 Broadway until that building too was destroyed by a fire in 1868. Wisely, Barnum first transformed the museum’s exterior so that passersby would be curious and want to come in. He added thousands of exhibits of all kinds: inventions, artwork, historical artifacts, scientific curiosities, natural history specimens, items of questionable origin and authenticity, stuffed and live animals, performers and newsmakers. He created a performance hall where many lectures and plays were presented, including Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Barnum continually provided new exhibits, held contests, and showed the latest innovations, and did whatever else would attract people to come to the museum and return to see more. He even offered women the opportunity to vote for their preferred candidate in the presidential primary of 18__. He strove to provide educational amusements suitable for families, which was not widely done at the time. In the 1840s and 1850s, the museum became an extremely popular destination for the growing numbers of leisure travelers on a national and international level. This in turn helped to boost Barnum’s personal reputation at home and abroad.

    In addition to the work of running the museum, Barnum promoted individual performers as a part of his business. His first such promotion was that of Charles S. Stratton, a little person whom Barnum met in Bridgeport while visiting his brother Philo Barnum. Charles was born in 1838 a rather large baby but his growth almost halted at around six months of age. Barnum was introduced to Charles when the boy was nearly five years old. At that time, Charles was only 24 inches (two feet or 60.96 centimeters) tall. He possessed an innate talent for performing, and was bright and personable. Barnum gave him his famous stage name, General Tom Thumb, taught him to perform, and they soon toured Europe and the United States, both of them becoming fabulously wealthy. Later on, Barnum engaged other little people including Stratton’s future wife, M. Lavinia Warren, Warren’s sister Minnie, and George Washington Morris Nutt, who was given the stage name of Commodore Nutt. Barnum also furthered the fame and career of Swedish opera singer Jenny Lind and created an international animal celebrity, Jumbo the Elephant.

    Barnum maintained additional business interests based in Bridgeport, some successful, others not. In 1851 he helped to develop the eastern part of Bridgeport, located on the east side of the Pequonnock River. He also served as the president of the Pequonnock National Bank, which was incorporated in May 1851 with $200,000 capital. It opened in August of that same year, and the bank endured until 1913 when it merged with the First Bridgeport National Bank. The Pequonnock printed various banknotes, as well as checks. Like contemporary checks that allow for featured graphics, the Pequonnock Bank printed images on their checks. This included images of both P.T. Barnum and Barnum’s home Iranistan. Other relatives of Barnum’s were also involved with the bank, including the Seeley family.

    By 1854 the property that Barnum had in east Bridgeport was worth over one million dollars. He tried to attract businesses into the area, and made loans to various businesses including one Jerome Clock Company which was based out of New Haven. At the time, Barnum had no knowledge that the Jerome Clock Company was about to go under due to bankruptcy, and the company’s financial disaster brought Barnum down as well, as he had guaranteed about $450,000. By 1856, Barnum was in ruin, left his home of Iranistan with his family, and had to deal with both derisive public commentary and bankruptcy proceedings. Barnum writes frankly about this experience in his own book, Struggles and Triumphs, focusing particularly on not only the devastation of the loss, but also praising all of those who reached out to help him recover his fortune. He reprints the offer from Charles S. Stratton to go on tour again with Barnum as General Tom Thumb, which he took Stratton up on, as well as notes the others who helped him through this time. He also explicitly writes about the impact of his faith while getting through this time.

    The failure of his real estate venture did not deter Barnum from continuing to develop and help his chosen home of Bridgeport. He helped to establish Mountain Grove Cemetery (1849), Seaside Park (1865), and Bridgeport Hospital (1878), in addition to entering political life to represent the area in spite of stating that he found politics distasteful.

    In the 1850s, Barnum considered a run for governor of Connecticut. This morphed into a run for election to the Connecticut State Legislature in 1865. He stated explicitly that this was because of his strong feelings about the abolition of slavery, and he was put in office as the representative of Fairfield County on April 3, 1865. He was chair of the State Agricultural Committee where he did excellent work, and was well remembered for his speech delivered on May 26, 1865 that rallied not only for the ratification of the 13th amendment which would abolish slavery, but giving African American men the vote as well. These strong feelings came from not only lessons learned with Joice Heth, but also his fierce Universalist beliefs which heavily promoted equality.

    Barnum remained in the Connecticut Legislature for two terms, and he ran for U.S. Congress as a Republican in 1867. He was beaten by William H. Barnum, a relative. The national scrutiny painted P.T.’s showmanship in a negative light, and the Republican party platform was hurt by his presence on it. Barnum himself was unhappy with all the commotion, the loss was quite welcome.

    However, this was not the end of Barnum’s political career. From 1875-1876, Barnum served as the mayor of Bridgeport. He was nominated by a committee from the local Republican party, and initially declined it. It wasn’t until he was assured by the opposition that this was intended to be a compliment that Barnum accepted. He was elected by the city in spite of the fact it was largely During his one year term, Barnum commissioned new lighting for Bridgeport’s streets, supported the entry of local African Americans into trade unions, enforced liquor laws due to his own belief and promotion of temperance, and vastly improved the local water supply.

    Barnum’s public life was busy, but he also had family life. Three more daughters were born to the couple: Helen (b. 18 April 1840), Frances (b. 1 May 1842), and Pauline (b. 1 March 1846). Frances died in April of 1844 just before her second birthday. Caroline and Helen lived long lives, but Pauline passed away at age 31 in 1877.

    Barnum and Charity’s marriage was happy for some years, with Barnum writing in his autobiography that, “Although I was only little more than nineteen years old when I was married, I have always felt assured that if I had waited twenty years longer I could not have found another woman so well suited to my disposition and so admirable and valuable in every character as a wife, a mother, and a friend.” However as the couple grew older, changes occurred in their relationship that put distance between them. Barnum traveled frequently and for long periods of time, leaving Charity to raise their children. Charity apparently suffered from several unnamed health issues and did not have the energy, nor possibly the inclination, to keep up with her highly energetic husband; Barnum’s business ventures repeatedly put their financial stability at great risk which Charity undoubtedly found distressing. Barnum also began drinking heavily during the 1840s which impacted both the marriage and business relationships, although he came to realize this in 1849. He became a Temperance advocate after that, never drinking again and going on the lecture circuit to encourage others to do the same.

    The interests of the two were probably also at odds on topics of theatre and entertainment about which Charity was far more conservative. Charity accompanied her husband on some of his tours, but according to Barnum she did not enjoy them. She had little love of Europe and was quite afraid of Niagara Falls, although their daughters enjoyed these experiences. Caroline’s diary, located at the Bridgeport History Center, offers insight into these family trips. According to Barnum, Charity was also not interested in “style,” so the wealth that allowed him to purchase expensive furnishings for their homes was not necessarily something she cared about. These differences and change in their relationship did not breed ill will, and Barnum was attentive in his own way. Their second home, the Italianate style Lindencroft, had gardens explicitly to indulge Charity’s enjoyment of gardening and their third home, the Victorian mansion Waldemere, was built close to Long Island Sound since the doctor recommended the sea air for Charity’s health.

    As a grandfather, photographs show Barnum to be very happy to sit and pose with his many grandchildren. Caroline Barnum (27 May 1833-10 May 1911) married David W. Thompson on 19 October 1852. The couple had two children, Frances Barnum Thompson, later Leigh (27 December 1853-27 January 1939) and Phineas Taylor Barnum Thompson (19 April 1865-27 February 1868). Helen Barnum, later Helen Hurd and then Helen Buchtel (18 April 1840-December 1915) had Helen Barnum Hurd (12 November 1858-1933), Julia Hurd (1860-1891) and Caroline Hurd (1862-1883) as well as Lelia Buchtel (no known dates.) Pauline (1 March 1846-11 April 11) married Nathan Seeley. They had Clinton Barnum Seeley (1868-1856), Herbert Seeley (1870-1914), and Jessica Seeley (1872-1896). There are several images of Charity sitting with her husband and the grandchildren as well, although there are no accounts remarking on her feelings towards her grandchildren.

    Barnum was in England when Charity died on November 19, 1873. He remained there rather than attend the funeral, a decision which was probably based on the impracticality of transatlantic travel, which would have taken weeks. Charity was buried in Mountain Grove Cemetery in Bridgeport, Connecticut.

    Soon after Charity’s death, Barnum married an English woman named Nancy Fish, the daughter of his friend and agent John Fish. The couple was secretly married in England on February 14, 1874, only three months after Charity’s death. The marriage remained secret from almost everyone, including Nancy’s parents and Barnum’s children, until September 15, 1874, when the two had a public ceremony at the Church of the Divine Paternity on Fifth Avenue in New York City.

    The May-December element of the marriage was remarked upon, as Nancy was born in 1850 and was thus 40 years Barnum’s junior, but the couple was generally happy together. Barnum traveled and conducted business, and while Nancy occasionally suffered from ill health, as Charity had in her lifetime, the two seemed to get along and shared a similar sense of humor, as well as enjoyment of the luxuries that wealth afforded them. The marriage also allowed Nancy to pursue her own hobbies, including collecting, reading, writing, horseback riding and carriage riding, and playing pianoforte. Barnum constructed Marina, his last home in Bridgeport, Connecticut, explicitly for Nancy, knowing she would outlive him and want a home more easily maintained than Waldemere, as well as one that allowed room for her interests and activities.

    Barnum’s circus venture did not begin until 1871. He was approached by the showman William C. Coup, who had worked for Barnum many years previous. Barnum was familiar with Coup and respected his talents; Coup was interested in a partnership that would allow him to capitalize on Barnum’s fame by using his name, thus was born “P. T. Barnum’s Grand Traveling Museum, Menagerie, Caravan and Circus.” The new network of railroads expanding across the country allowed the circus to travel far more efficiently and to reach more towns and cities than had been possible by wagon. Train travel also allowed the circus to become a much larger operation since the trains could transport innumerable wagons and tons of canvas for tents. The profits were incredibly high. By 1872, Barnum was nurturing the side show - a traveling version of the many performers who exhibited themselves in the American Museum - and the attraction proved to be popular. In 1873, Barnum built up a department in the circus dedicated only to advertising, and the success continued.

    On April 30, 1874, Barnum opened the New York Hippodrome which also featured circus acts. The Hippodrome would go on to have both a permanent home in New York City, and a traveling component. A year later, P. T. Barnum’s Traveling World’s Fair was managed by John O’Brien. The sheer number of shows made it necessary for Barnum to create the Barnum Universal Exposition Company to manage it all. Financial issues and dissatisfaction dissolved the O’Brien partnership, and the Barnum Universal Exposition Company closed as well by the end of 1875. Starting in 1876, Barnum’s circus was now simply the “Greatest Show on Earth” and proved to be a major success.

    In the 1880s, Barnum began to encounter competition from other circuses. This included the Great London Show of Cooper, Bailey, and Hutchinson--several name variations of this circus exist--whom Barnum eventually embraced as partners. The process involved a lot of legal negotiations, but on August 26, 1880, the Barnum and London Circus emerged. Great success continued, and by the mid-1880s the circus employed over seven hundred people. In 1887, disagreements prompted the partners to renegotiate contracts, dissolve existing partnerships, and the Barnum and Bailey Circus emerged. The younger partner, James A. Bailey, largely managed the circus, and continued on after Barnum’s death in 1891. After Bailey died in 1906, the circus was bought by Ringling Brothers, and continued to operate separately until the two shows were combined in 1919.

    P. T. Barnum died on April 7, 1891 following a stroke. He was ill for some months prior to his death. He is buried in Mountain Grove Cemetery, a park-like cemetery that he was instrumental in creating. The Barnum family plot is close to the Stratton family plot where Charles S. Stratton and M. Lavinia Warren, known as General and Mrs. Tom Thumb, are buried. A number of Barnum’s children and grandchildren are also in the same cemetery.

    The American Museum Barnum's American Museum was located on Broadway at Ann Street from 1841 to 1865 until it was destroyed by a fire, and then moved to 539-541 Broadway until it too was destroyed by a fire in 1868.

    The museum was originally known as Scudder's Museum, which opened in 1810. Managed by John Schdudder, Schudder's American Museum featured a number of displays, including seashells, minerals, and taxidermied animals including a bison, along with wax figures. After Schudder passed, his heirs took on the museum, but a combination of poor management, and the financial crash of 1837 lead the family to sell the collection. Barnum acquired it through a proxy in the museum building's owner, Francis Olmsted. After Barnum acquired everything, he substantially dressed up the exterior, decorating it with flags and banners and dozens of painted plaques featuring wild animals practically overnight. He paid musicians to stand out on the balcony and perform to attract passersby and soon people flocked to the museum. Barnum later expanded the building to include a large theatre, which he called a lecture room since the word “theatre” had unsavory connotations at that time.

    Displays in the museum ranged from dioramas of places such as Niagara Falls and the American plains, to wax figures, performers, theatrical performances, artwork, historical artifacts, scientific specimens, inventions, and curiosities. In addition Barnum displayed live animals, including Beluga whales and hippopotami. Among the exhibits Barnum included what were then called humbugs, or hoaxes; he encouraged the public to decide whether they were genuine or not, thereby avoiding accusations of falsely claiming authenticity. The Feejee Mermaid is perhaps the best known among Barnum's humbugs, and was an item he rented from Boston showman, Moses Kimball. Barnum's performers included trained bears, and Native Americans who performed songs and dances of their culture, to people he called natural wonders and living curiosities, depending on the advertisement. Notably, he avoided using the word ”freak” when publicizing performers with distinctive physical differences, such as giants and little people, albinos, excessively thin or fat people or those with missing or additional limbs. These performers made a good living exhibiting themselves at the American Museum, in concert halls, and on tours through joint companies and later, circuses. Barnum’s promotions ensured their success and a substantial income, which gave long-serving veterans of the museum the means to retire in comfort. Some of the best known performers at the museum included Anna Swan Bates, General Goshen, Charles S. Stratton - known as General Tom Thumb, Chang and Eng Bunker - the origin of the term Siamese twins, and M. Lavinia Warren. Barnum also hosted concerts and lectures, as well as contests at the American Museum. These contests included the National Poultry Show, beauty contests, flower shows, and baby shows which awarded prizes for the fattest baby, the handsomest twins, and other categories.

    The museum was not, however, the product of Barnum’s effort alone. Barnum employed a number of staff to help with the museum in various capacities. Chief among them was John Greenwood Junior, who was raised in Bethel, Connecticut, as Barnum was. Trained as a hatter, Greenwood fulfilled a number of roles at the museum, including treasurer, temporary museum owner from 1851 to 1855, and manager. Other tasks included traveling to find new relics for the museum, and at one time, showing the Prince of Wales himself around the American Museum. Other key personnel included pantomimist-turned-stage manager Charles Kemble Fox, orchestra director W.J. Peterschen, manager-turned-aquaria department manager Dr. Oscar Kohn, and promoter-turned-superintendent Sylvester Bleeker. Barnum’s two son-in-laws, Samuel Hurd and David Thompson, also held positions within the museum.

    On July 13, 1865, Barnum's American Museum burned to the ground, apparently the work of arsonists, possibly Southern sympathizers who did not like Barnum’s vocal opposition to slavery. Performers and employees were able to get out, but most of the animals did not, and those that did were killed because they were running loose on the streets. Thousands upon thousands of objects in the museum were destroyed. Barnum learned of the catastrophe while in Hartford, Connecticut, fulfilling his duties as a State Representative

    Barnum's American Museum had a second incarnation at a nearby location, 539-541 Broadway. The content of the museum was similar, and miraculously Barnum’s managers had it in operation only a few months after the first museum’s demise. But the second one did not last long, as it burned on March , 1868, due to a heating system failure. Barnum did not attempt to re-open a third museum. Instead, he took the advice of his long-time friend Horace Greeley to “go a-fishing” and enjoy the fruits of his labors, as well as spend time with his many grandchildren.

    Circus and Winter Quarters P.T. Barnum is most heavily associated with circus entertainment, but his venture into that world did not begin until 1871. He was approached by the showman William C. Coup, who had worked for Barnum many years previous. Barnum was familiar with Coup and respected his talents; Coup was interested in a partnership that would allow him to capitalize on Barnum’s fame by using his name, thus was born “P.T. Barnum’s Grand Traveling Museum, Menagerie, Caravan and Circus.” Notably, the word “Museum” leads the list, and including a “museum” in this and every subsequent circus was something Barnum insisted upon. Acts from the old American Museum, including Anna Swan and William Henry Johnson - known as the What Is it? - joined this circus. Featuring over one hundred wagons to carry everything for the show, it grossed over $400,000.

    The new network of railroads expanding across the country allowed the circus to travel far more efficiently and to reach more towns and cities than had been possible by wagon. Train travel also allowed the circus to become a much larger operation since the trains could transport innumerable wagons and tons of canvas for tents. The profits were incredibly high. By 1872, Barnum was nurturing the side show - a traveling version of the many performers who exhibited themselves in the American Museum - and the attraction proved to be incredibly popular. In 1873, Barnum built up a department in the circus dedicated only to advertising, and the success continued.

    On 30 April, 1874, Barnum opened the New York Hippodrome which also featured circus acts. The Hippodrome would go on to have both a permanent home in New York City, and have a traveling component. A year later, P.T. Barnum’s Traveling World’s Fair was managed by John O’Brien. The sheer number of shows with Barnum’s made it necessary for Barnum to create the Barnum Universal Exposition Company to manage it all. Financial issues and dissatisfaction dissolved the O’Brien partnership, and the Barnum Universal Exposition Company closed as well by the end of 1875. Starting in 1876, Barnum’s circus was now simply the “Greatest Show on Earth” and proved to be a massive success.

    In the 1880s, Barnum began to encounter competition from other circuses. This included the Great London Show of Cooper, Bailey, and Hutchinson - other names of this circus also existed - whom Barnum eventually embraced as partners. The processed involved a lot of legal negotiations, but on 26 August, 1880, the Barnum and London Circus emerged. Great success continued, and by the mid-1880s the circus employed over seven hundred people. In 1887, disagreements prompted the partners to renegotiate contracts, dissolve existing partnerships, and the Barnum and Bailey Circus emerged. The younger partner, James A. Bailey, largely managed the circus, and continued on after Barnum’s death in 1891. Bailey died in 1906, and the Ringling Brothers bought the circus. They operated it separately from their own circus until 1919, when the two were combined to become Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth. This show continued until 2017.

    The winter quarters for the various Barnum named circuses were housed in Bridgeport, CT, with permanent buildings being put up in 1880s. Barnum liked having the quarters in Connecticut because it allowed him to show some of his animals during the winter months, including loans to Central Park’s zoo. The five acres of land provided storage for railroad cars, steam heated rooms for animals, wagons, tents, prop fabrication, and a stable. The location of the Winter Quarters was also a boon for the local Bridgeport economy, thanks to the demands and the number of people involved.

    A fire began at the winter quarters on 20 November, 1887. It ignited at the main building at ten in the evening, and could not be contained. The only animal survivors were the elephants, the cause of the blaze remaining unknown. The quarters were then rebuilt, only to be burned down again in 1924.

    Jumbo the Elephant Jumbo the Elephant (1861-15 September 1885) was an unusually tall African elephant best known for his time as an attraction in the London Zoo and as a part of P.T. Barnum's circus from 1882 to his death in 1885. He is arguably the first international animal celebrity, and even today, his name remains widely recognized.

    Born in the Sudan, the one-year-old elephant who became Jumbo was taken by hunters after they killed his mother. He was then sold to an Italian animal dealer, and eventually sent to the famous Jardin des Plantes in Paris. In 1865 he was transferred to the London Zoo as part of a trade, and was placed under the care of Matthew Scott, who at the time looked after the zoo’s birds but had no experience with elephants. The young elephant was rather sickly when he arrived from Paris, and was not at all large for his age. Scott carefully tended the elephant, won his trust, and Jumbo eventually began to thrive. He was trained to give rides around the park to visitors of all ages, earning him the love of the public, especially children.

    In 1881, P.T. Barnum’s managers made an offer to the London Zoo to purchase Jumbo. This was well timed for the zoo, as the now teenaged Jumbo was experiencing musth. This natural development in male elephants, characterized by high levels of testosterone and aggression, made Jumbo hard for the zoo to handle and rendered him unable to do his regular duties of giving visitors rides and interacting with the public. Because of Jumbo’s repeated destruction of the elephant house, the London Zoo’s director was secretly happy for the opportunity to sell him. Jumbo was purchased for $10,000 ($246,000 in present money), but the British public vociferously objected to the sale, unwilling to lose the elephant known as the “Children’s Giant Pet.” Barnum used the outrage to his advantage, and was able to generate money from the public interest in his Jumbo acquisition to offset the expense of buying and transporting him across the Atlantic. Convincing the 11-½ foot tall, 13,000 pound elephant to enter a shipping crate for the ocean crossing required weeks of work and taxed the patience of all who were effecting the procedure, but delighted the disapproving public in England.

    As Barnum did in the months prior to Jenny Lind’s arrival in New York City, his advance promotion of Jumbo generated a great deal of fanfare and anticipation of the famed elephant’s arrival. Jumbo became a part of Barnum's circus, and was a major draw. Merchandise of all kinds featured Jumbo, even household items like ceramic pitchers, tin plates, and glass bottles. His image was used heavily in advertising for a variety items ranging from receipt books to sewing thread, all capitalizing on the idea of an elephant’s strength and endurance.

    Jumbo traveled all over the United States and Canada with Barnum’s circus, which used the ever expanding railways to reach audiences in every corner of both nations. Unlike the Asian elephants in the show, Jumbo did not perform tricks --Jumbo only had to be himself to attract the crowds, so impressive was he for his size and large, flapping ears (Asian elephants’ ears are much smaller). Tragically, on September 15,1885, Jumbo was struck by a train in St. Thomas, Ontario, Canada, while returning to sleeping quarters after a performance one night. No trains had been scheduled that evening and it was thus thought safe to walk along the tracks, the shortest route.

    Following Jumbo’s death, Barnum engaged well known taxidermist Henry Ward of Rochester, New York to preserve and re-assemble both Jumbo's skin and skeleton as two separate displays. The “Double Jumbo” exhibit toured with the circus for one or two years, before the constituent parts went to permanent homes. The skeletal remains are at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, and the taxidermy elephant was gifted to Tufts University, eventually to become the school's mascot. The taxidermy Jumbo remained on display until a fire in April 1975 destroyed it.

    A few pieces of Jumbo survive. After Jumbo’s death thin slices of his tusks were cut and engraved with the information, known as the scrimshaw technique. The Bridgeport History Center owns one of these cross sections of Jumbo’s tusk. At Tufts, his stuffed tail had been removed earlier because of students tugging on it, and had been placed in the archives for safekeeping. After the fire destroyed Jumbo’s taxidermied form, his ashes were gathered into a 14 ounce peanut butter jar, which is now a talisman for the Tufts sports teams.

    Jenny Lind Jenny Lind was a Swedish-born opera singer, popularly known as “The Swedish Nightingale,” who lived from 6 October 1820-2 November 1887. During her lifetime, she became one of the best known singers in the Western hemisphere, who was also beloved and admired for her generous philanthropic spirit. She toured Europe, the United Kingdom, and the United States giving concerts, frequently donating to charities in the places she visited. In her later life she taught at the Royal College of Music in London as a professor of singing.

    P. T. Barnum, who had never heard Lind sing when he invited her to tour America, capitalized on her both her musical reputation and her renowned charitable nature. Knowing that Americans knew little about opera but would adore a woman whose remarkable voice embodied an equally sweet and virtuous soul, Barnum set about promoting Jenny Lind’s 1850-1851 Tour of America in a way that no one else could match.

    Lind’s childhood was less than ideal and she spent her early years living in different households; her mother had never married Lind’s father. Quite by accident, her exceptional voice was recognized when she was a child, and at age nine, Lind entered the acting school of the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Sweden; she began singing on stage a year later. She gained a number of prestigious roles in the Royal Swedish Opera, and by 1840, she was not only a part of the Royal Swedish Academy of Music, but also the court singer to the King of Sweden in Norway. Her light, agile voice would eventually be characterized as a coloratura soprano.

    She continued to train and sing in the 1840s, and began to tour as well. In 1843, while touring Denmark, she caught the attention of Hans Christian Anderson; it is said he fell in love and wrote the Ugly Duckling and the Emperor’s Nightingale in her honor, but Lind did not share his feelings, and remained just a friend. A year later she sang in Berlin, where the German audiences took to her immediately, as well as composers including Felix Mendelssohn. She continued to sing in Europe, and then in 1847, in the United Kingdom where she performed in front of Queen Victoria.

    In 1849, P.T. Barnum approached Lind about a possible American tour. Lind had previously received offers to go to America, but had declined them. She responded to Barnum because the letterhead depiction of his elaborate new home, Iranistan, in Bridgeport, Connecticut, intrigued her. It is said that Lind felt the exotic mansion meant Barnum wasn't just trying to cash in on her talent, but knew what he was doing when it came to promoting. She did not jump quickly at the opportunity, however.

    First she insisted upon a contract with a strict financial arrangement before she would set foot on a ship to America. The money to be paid her, her pianist Jules Benedict, baritone Giovanni Belletti, and others in her entourage, was to be placed in an escrow account in London. Barnum scrambled to raise the full amount, since even with his wealth he did not have the $187,000 needed on hand. Arrangements were made for a year-long tour to begin in September 1850.

    Despite Lind’s name being largely unknown in North America, P.T. Barnum was able to whet the public’s appetite for the performer months in advance, and upon her arrival create an insatiable demand that soon turned into “Lindmania.” Every conceivable product, including items of clothing and accessories, furniture, household goods and decorations, framed prints, sheet music, even locomotives and ships were identified by the name Jenny Lind, a scale of mass merchandizing theretofore unheard of. Barnum did not directly profit from the sale of the innumerable consumer products bearing her name, but he did leverage their great popularity.

    Barnum’s advance publicity was so successful that when Lind arrived in New York City along with Giovanni Belletti and Julius Benedict, they were greeted by throngs of crowds. First performing at Castle Garden in New York City on 11 September, 1850, Lind's concerts were a runaway success. The Barnum-Lind tour covered both the United States and Cuba, and the profits were extremely high. Barnum also developed a concert ticket auction scheme that benefitted both himself and the owners of the commercial enterprises that won the auctions and thus brought their business name into the limelight.

    True to her word, Lind donated much of the money she earned on tour to charities in the cities where she performed, as well as to Swedish ones. Barnum, the master promoter, used that fact to further elevate Lind's moral character as well as her vocal performance abilities. Newspaper articles of the period typically comment on both her indescribable voice and her generous gifts to the local hospital, orphanage, or charity organization, especially those for women and children.

    All of the marketing and the heavy concert schedule, however, began to wear on Lind. She had also fallen in love with the pianist who replaced Benedict, Otto Goldschmidt. They were married on 5 February, 1852, in Boston. Possibly Goldschmidt influenced his wife to take advantage of a clause in her contract with Barnum that allowed the two to part ways with certain conditions to the terms, and she did so. Despite Barnum’s disappointment, the two parted on relatively good terms, and remained friends. The Lind company continued to perform in America until May of 1852, and then returned to England. Lind and Goldschmidt had three children.

    In later years Lind gave fewer performances and no longer performed operas, but she did participate in concert hall performances around Europe. In 1882, she became professor of singing at the Royal College of Music. She remained in that position until 2 November 1887, when she passed away.

    Jenny Lind Goldschmidt is buried at the Great Malvern Cemetery in Malvern, Worcestershire, England.

    Charles S. Stratton Charles S. Stratton, best known as General Tom Thumb (4 January 1838-15 July, 1883) was an entertainer who worked for P.T. Barnum, and married fellow Barnum performer Mercy Lavinia Warren. His natural charisma and talent, combined with his being a proportionate dwarf, helped propel him to the status of celebrity in the 19th century.

    Stratton was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut, to Sherwood and Cynthia Stratton. His father was a carpenter, and his mother was a homemaker with two daughters and a son by the time Charles was born. The family was not impoverished by contemporary standards, they had little to get by on. When Charles was born, he was over nine pounds, but at around six or and seventh months of age, he failed to grow, so that even at four years old, his height had not changed and he was a mere 24 inches.

    P.T. Barnum met the Stratton family towards the in of 1842. Barnum was in Bridgeport due to a frozen over Hudson River, and taking advantage of the fact his brother Philo owned the Franklin House hotel. Barnum remembered hearing of the diminutive boy in Bridgeport, and asked his brother to go and get the family. “Charlie” was bright and affable, and Barnum responded to his charm; he felt that the boy could be taught to act, and wanted him to come and perform at his new American Museum in New York City.

    A business arrangement was negotiated with Stratton’s parents, and it was agreed that Barnum could exhibit Charles for an experimental month, for $3.00 plus room, board, and travel expenses. As a result, Charles headed to New York City with Barnum in 1843, and was given the stage name “General Tom Thumb.”

    Charles took to showbusiness, and Barnum taught him various acts, quips, and everything needed to do a good performance. Charles had an innate skill for this kind of work, and after Barnum made a few introductions to the press (often by barging into homes unannounced), General Tom Thumb made his debut at the American Museum. The reception was warm, but word of mouth boosted the success of the act. In his promotions, Barnum exaggerated the boy’s age, stating it was eleven rather than five, to make Charles’ tiny stature seem even more impressive.

    Such acclaim enabled a tour of Europe a year later, with Stratton giving not one but two command performances in front of Queen Victoria, within the space of eight days. Stratton quickly became a favourite at the courts he visited, including in France and Belgium, and such warm receptions continued whenever he toured in Europe.

    Stratton remained in show business in his teenage years and into his twenties, alternatively touring the country and performing at Barnum’s American Museum. It was in his mid-twenties that he met M. Lavinia Warren, a new Barnum performer, and the two began an acquaintance that rapidly turned romantic. Just two months later Warren and Stratton married in an event orchestrated by Barnum known as the Fairy Wedding. The wedding took place on 10 February 1863 at Grace Episcopal Church in New York City, and became the social event of the year, along with the lavish reception afterwards. This was during the American Civil War when newspapers were filled with the tragic news of battles and casualties; to the delight of the American public, the Fairy Wedding stole the show briefly and became front-page news in numerous papers and magazines.

    The couple was received at the White House by President Abraham Lincoln and his wife Mary Todd Lincoln, a memorable event for all. Afterwards, Charles and Lavinia embarked on a three year world tour, along with Lavinia’s sister Minnie Warren, and fellow Barnum performer George Washington Morris Nutt, all of whom were little people. Charles and Lavinia became an international celebrity couple, America’s first. Following the tour, which added even more to their wealth, the Stratton alternated living at their home in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and their home in Lavinia’s hometown of Middleborough, Massachusetts. They continued to tour and entertain the public, and remained close friends and associates of Barnum’s. The marriage was generally considered a happy one, and they remained close throughout their lives.

    In his leisure time, Charles enjoyed yachting and horse racing, and generally fancied himself a man of leisure, spending liberally on fine food and other luxuries. He was also generous, and gave money to worthy causes. He also was active in the Freemasons, joining the organization in 1862 and eventually becoming a 32nd degree mason, Knight Templar.

    On 15 July 1883, Stratton suffered a stroke and passed away. He is buried at Mountain Grove Cemetery in Bridgeport, Connecticut. Lavinia remarried and lived until 1919; she asked to be buried with her first love, “Charlie” in the Mountain Grove Cemetery.

    M. Lavinia Warren Mercy Lavinia Warren Bump, later Mercy Lavinia Warren Stratton, and then Mercy Lavinia Magri, (31 October, 1842-25 November, 1919) was an entertainer who worked for P.T, Barnum, managed her own theatre, and wed fellow Barnum performer Charles S. Stratton - known as General Tom Thumb.

    Warren was born into the Bump family in Middleborough Massachusetts. Her family was prominent in the area, and capable of tracing their roots back to the Mayflower. She had seven other siblings, but only Warren and her sister Huldah Pierce Warren Bump (later known as Minnie Warren), had dwarfism.

    Warren taught school for a time in Massachusetts, before entering show business at age sixteen. Her first foray into being an entertainer saw her under the employ of a cousin who owned a showboat in Mississippi. Barnum came to hear of her in 1862, meeting Warren when she was twenty one years old, and signed on to work for him for $10 a week plus expenses. It was there that she met Charles Stratton, known as General Tom Thumb and a fellow little person in Barnum’s employ, and the two began to date.

    Eventually, Warren and Stratton married, in an event orchestrated by Barnum known as the Fairy Wedding, Held on 10 February 1863 at Grace Episcopal Church in New York City, the marriage became the social event of the year, as did the reception afterwards. The two were even received at the White House by President Abraham Lincoln.

    Later on, Warren and her husband toured with her sister, Minnie Warren, and fellow performer George Washington Morris Nutt. The tour covered the United States and Canada, before heading to Europe. From there, their lives bounced between Stratton’s home in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and Warren’s in Middleborough, Massachusetts, when they weren’t touring and entertaining the public. The marriage between the two was generally considered a positive one, and they remained close throughout their lives.

    Warren was also extremely close with her sister, Minnie, who wed a fellow Barnum performer named Major Edward Newell in July, 1877. Unlike her sister, Minnie and her husband did attempt to have children. Unfortunately the child was stillborn, and Minnie herself died after the delivery. Warren was devastated by the loss, and it took a while for her to come to terms with.

    Charles Stratton passed on 15 July, 1883, leaving Warren a widow. She remarried two years later to Primo Magri, an Italian entertainer of a similar stature to Warren, on 6 April, 1885. They performed both at their own roadside stand in Middleborough, Massachusetts, and toured together along with Magri’s brother, Ernesto. The couple even appeared in the silent film, The Lilliputian's Courtship, in 1915.

    Warren died on 25 November, 1919, and is buried besides Charles S. Stratton at Mountain Grove Cemetery.

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    Scope and Content of Collection

    The scope of the P.T. Barnum collection is wide, and reflects the many interests of its subject, P.T. Barnum. In addition to representing his own manuscript materials from all stages of his life, it collects the subjects of his business related interests, namely the American Museum, the Circus and the Winter Quarters at Bridgeport, Jenny Lind, Jumbo the Elephant, and Charles S. Stratton (General Tom Thumb) and the performers associated with Stratton. The content of each subseries varies, but all of them have booklets of information, advertisements, programs, and printed ephemera that speak to the marketing of the subject, their life, and why Barnum was willing to invest in their success. Manuscript material appears in certain series, but not all. Heavily represented though are images - both illustrations and photographs - of all subjects.

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    Arrangement

    At the time of processing, the P.T. Barnum Research Collection had been parceled out into series arranged by topic. It was decided that this particular part of arrangement would be kept. It was also decided that any material stored in oversize drawers would remain in the oversize drawers, and would be listed with their subject in the finding aid, rather than label all oversize material as it’s own series and place it at the end of the finding aid. P.T. Barnum’s correspondence was also being processed prior to the rest of the collection being analyzed, and decisions to treat letter on an item level - and then divide by incoming and outgoing - had already been made.

    Most collections were then arranged by genre, with manuscript and handwritten material always being given priority in placement. See individual series for further notes in arrangement.

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    Administrative Information

    Publication Statement

    Bridgeport History Center

    Bridgeport Public Library925 Broad StreetBridgeport, Connecticut

    Access

    Collection is primarily available online through the Connecticut Digital Archive.

    Publication Rights

    This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. Images and data from The Bridgeport History Center, Bridgeport Public Library are intended for public access and educational use only. This material is owned, held, or licensed by The Bridgeport History Center, Bridgeport Public Library and is being provided solely for the purpose of teaching or individual research. All other use, including commercial reuse, mounting on other systems, or other forms of redistribution requires permission of the appropriate department of The Bridgeport History Center, Bridgeport Public Library; fees may be applicable.

    Provenance

    The P.T. Barnum Research Collection is an artificial collection, and as such, has no single source. Rather, it has been assembled over the years. Research is being conducted to identify specific items from specific donors.

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    Indexing Terms

    • Indexing Terms
    • The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the library's online public access catalog.
    • Barnum, P. T. (Phineas Taylor), 1810-1891.
    • Barnum, P. T. (Phineas Taylor), 1810-1891--Correspondence
    • Bailey, James Anthony, 1847-1906
    • Bunker, Chang, 1811-1874.
    • Bunker, Eng, 1811-1874.
    • Fish, Nancy.
    • Hallett, Charity
    • Jumbo (Elephant)
    • Lind, Jenny, 1820-1887.
    • Magri, M. Lavinia (Mercy Lavinia), 1841-1919
    • Swan, Anna, 1846-1888
    • Thumb, Tom, 1838-1883
    • Barnum and London Circus
    • Barnum and Bailey
    • Barnum and Bailey--History.
    • Barnum and Bailey--People--1890-1900.
    • Barnum and Bailey--People--1900-1910.
    • Barnum's American Museum
    • Barnum Institute of Science and History
    • Bridgeport Scientific Society
    • Fairfield County Historical Society
    • P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth, and the Great London Circus combined with Sanger's Royal British Menagerie and Grand International Allied Shows
    • Tufts University
    • Circus animals--1870-1880.
    • Circus animals--Pictorial works.
    • Circus animals--United States--History--19th century.
    • Circus owners.
    • Circus performers--1870-1880.
    • Circus performers--1880-1890.
    • Circus performers--1890-1900.
    • Circus performers--1900-1910.
    • Circus performers--1910-1920.
    • Circus performers--1920-1930.
    • Circus performers--United States.
    • Dwarfism
    • Entertainers--1840-1890.
    • Entertainers--1890-1900.
    • Entertainers--1900-1920.
    • Elephant trainers
    • Funeral service--United States.
    • Historical societies
    • Museums.
    • Museums--Fires and fire prevention
    • Museums--New York (State)--New York.
    • Museums--United States--History--19th century.
    • Natural history museums
    • Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Circus
    • Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Combined Shows--1920-1930.
    • Scientific societies
    • Women circus performers

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    Detailed Description of Records/Container List

    Series I - P.T. Barnum, 1881-1892

    Title/DescriptionInstances
    To Gideon Wells, October 7, 1832 box 1 folder 1
    Letter, Iranistan letterhead, c. 1840s box 1 folder 2
    To [Nate] Beers, October 5, 1847 box 1 folder 3
    Invitation to Iranistan housewarming, November 14, 1848. box 1 folder 4
    To [Nate] Beers, October 26, 1849 box 1 folder 5
    To Friend [Nate] Beers, February 6, 1852 box 1 folder 6
    To Moses Kimball, February 6, 1852 box 1 folder 7
    [Endorsed note] collateral signed by Nate Beers, August 14, 1854 box 1 folder 8
    To Unknown, September 13, 1854 box 1 folder 9
    To Gibbs and Johnston, October 15, 1854 box 1 folder 10
    To Nate Beers, December 4, 1854 box 1 folder 11
    To Henry B. Curtis, February 27, 1855 box 1 folder 12
    To Messrs. Curtis and Scuilines, January 11, 1856 box 1 folder 13
    Dear Sir, December 25, 1856? box 1 folder 14
    To Mr. Curtis, November 17, 1857 box 1 folder 15
    To Edward Taylor, September 2, c. 1846-1857 box 1 folder 16
    To H.B. Curtis, March 12, 1860 box 1 folder 17
    To H.B. Curtis, February 14, 1861 box 1 folder 18
    To F. Wildman, September 12, 1861 box 1 folder 19
    To Captain Treat, November 28, 1861 box 1 folder 20
    Tom Thumb as ‘rascal’ April 5, 1863 box 1 folder 21
    To Nate Beers, July 4, 1864 box 1 folder 22
    To Hon. D.L. Harris, July 12, 1864 box 1 folder 23
    To F. L. Wildman, June 13, 1865 box 1 folder 24
    To Master Miles L.W. Myers, November 23, 1866 box 1 folder 25
    To Mr. Curtis, September 7, 1867 box 1 folder 26
    To Nate [Beers], July 14, 1869 box 1 folder 27
    To Nate Beers, Bills, November 18, 1869 box 1 folder 28
    To Nate [Beers], March 15, 1870 box 1 folder 29
    To Nate [Beers], April 3, 1870 box 1 folder 30
    To Nate [Beers], January 9, 1871 box 1 folder 31
    To Nate [Beers], July 11, 1871 box 1 folder 32
    To Nate [Beers], October 31, 1871 box 1 folder 33
    To Nate Beers, January 29. 1872 box 1 folder 45
    To Sun editor, February 3, 1872 box 1 folder 35
    To Nate [Beers], February 27, 1872 box 1 folder 36
    To Beers, [Nate], April 16, 1872 box 1 folder 37
    To Nate [Beers], May 21, 1872 box 1 folder 38
    To Mr. Spier, May 29, 1872 box 1 folder 39
    To Nate [Beer], June 6, 1872 box 1 folder 40
    To Nate Beers, June 11, 1872 box 1 folder 41
    To Eames, June 28, 1872 box 1 folder 42
    To Nate Beers, July 26, 872 box 1 folder 43
    To Emma [Beers], January 22. 1873 box 1 folder 44
    To N.P. Beers, Esq. April 16, 1873 box 1 folder 45
    To Nate [Beers], July 2, 1873 box 1 folder 46
    To Nate [Beers], September 11, 1873 box 1 folder 47
    To Joel (Beaton?) July 24, 1874 box 1 folder 48
    To Nate Beers, September 9, 1874 box 1 folder 49
    To Nate and Emma Beers, September 16, 1874 box 1 folder 50
    To Mr. Auditor, December 30, 1875 box 1 folder 51
    To Nate [Beers], July 28, 1876 box 1 folder 52
    To [Beers], Nate, January 1, 1877 box 1 folder 53
    To Wheeler, December 12, 1877 box 1 folder 54
    To Nate [Beers], January 5, 1878 box 1 folder 55
    To From Waldemere, May 9, 1878 box 1 folder 56
    To Barnum to John A. White, June 19, 1878 box 1 folder 57
    To J.A. White, June 21, 1878 box 1 folder 58
    To Beers, Nate, October 21, 1878 box 1 folder 59
    To Beers, Nate, January 2, 1879 box 1 folder 60
    To Editors of the Mercury, May 10, 1879 box 2 folder 1
    To Mr. J. DeMott Miller, September 29, 1879 box 2 folder 2
    To Nate [Beers], December 8, 1879 box 2 folder 3
    To Colonel, December 9, 1879 box 2 folder 4
    To Nate [Beers], December 22, 1879 box 2 folder 5
    To Nate Beers, undated, c. 1870s box 2 folder 6
    To Nate [Beers], January 3, 1880 box 2 folder 7
    To Eames, June 8, 1880 box 2 folder 8
    To Nate [Beers], June 11, 1880 box 2 folder 9
    To Eames, 1881 box 2 folder 10
    To Nate [Beers], April 3, 1881 box 2 folder 11
    To Wheeler and Wilson Co., June 20, 1881 box 2 folder 12
    To Samuel [?], January 15, 1882 box 2 folder 13
    To Nate [Beers], December 31, 1882 box 2 folder 14
    To Conant?, March 15, 1883 box 2 folder 15
    To Nate Beers, January 1, 1884 box 2 folder 16
    To R.B. Leacey, December 31, 1884 box 2 folder 17
    To Mayor Morgan, February 23, 1885 box 2 folder 18
    To Julian Sterling, March 28, 1885 box 2 folder 19
    To Julian Sterling, April 15, 1885 box 2 folder 20
    [Note on shares] July 13, 1885 box 2 folder 21
    To James A. Bailey, October 4, 1885 box 2 folder 22
    To Julian Sterling, January 13, 1886 box 2 folder 23
    To Julian Sterling, January 14, 1886 box 2 folder 24
    To Unknown recipient, Reference to Regis Falls, White Mountains, August 13, 1886 box 2 folder 25
    To R. B. Leacey, September 6, 1886 box 2 folder 26
    To Barnum to A.C. Sherwood, February 12, 1887 box 2 folder 27
    To Nate Beers, May 25, 1887 box 2 folder 28
    To Waldo [Curtis?], June 14, 1887 box 2 folder 29
    To Editor of the London Times, December 25, 1887 box 2 folder 30
    To George Curtis, March 1, 1888 box 2 folder 31
    To James A. Bailey, July 5, 188 box 2 folder 32
    To Barnum to David Pell (?), August 10, 1888 box 2 folder 33
    To I. DeVer Warner, agreement signed by Barnum, November 20, 1888 box 2 folder 45
    To Nate Beers, October 3, probably 1888 box 2 folder 35
    James Bailey, probably 1888 box 2 folder 36
    Knowlton, March 21, 1889 box 2 folder 37
    To Doctor Talmage, September 9, 1889 box 2 folder 38
    To Barjum to Julian Sterling, December 31, 1889 box 2 folder 39
    To James A. Bailey, February 22, 1890 box 2 folder 40
    To James A. Bailey, February 26, 1890 box 2 folder 41
    To James A. Bailey, March 1, 1890 box 2 folder 42
    To James A. Bailey, April 9, 1890 box 2 folder 43
    To James E. Cooper, April 9, 1890 box 2 folder 44
    Seeley collection, undated box 2 folder 45
    To Helen, Thanksgiving, no year box 2 folder 46
    To Nate [Beers], September 1, no year box 2 folder 47
    To Nate Beers, November 16, no year box 2 folder 48
    To Nate Beers, undated box 2 folder 49
    To Nate Beers, undated box 2 folder 50
    To Nate Beers, undated box 2 folder 51
    Envelopes associated with Nate Beers correspondence, undated box 2 folder 52
    To A.L. Cheney, undated box 2 folder 53
    To Higginson, undated box 2 folder 54
    Obituary and small note on Jumbo and baby elephant with Barnum’s signature box 2 folder 55
    Barnum monogram on envelope, undated box 2 folder 56
    Photographic prints and copies of letters box 2 folder 57
    Copies of letters from other collections box 2 folder 58
    Typescript copies of P.T. Barnum’s letters, 1855-1864 box 2 folder 59
    From C.F. Dodge, January 24, 1844 box 3 folder 1
    From Bishop, Backus and Noble, May 24, 1855 box 3 folder 2
    From Bishop, Backus and Noble, January 3, 1856 box 3 folder 3
    From G.F. Lewis, January 8, 1856 box 3 folder 4
    From G. Wells regarding General Tom Thumb, January 4, 1859 box 3 folder 5
    From Charles E. Sanford, April 11, 1872; banknote, September 13, 1872 box 3 folder 6
    From Samuel L. Clemens/Mark Twain, May 24, 1875 box 3 folder 7
    From L.B. Michael, August 7, 1875 box 3 folder 8
    From M. Lavinia Warren Stratton, November 11, 1878 box 3 folder 9
    John Lyon, August 19, 1881 box 3 folder 10
    From H.R. Parrot, October 15, 1881 box 3 folder 11
    From F.A. Lane and Cunningham and Son and Co. October 25, 188 box 3 folder 12
    From Charles Treadly, December 26, 1881 box 3 folder 13
    From Charles T. Barnum, January 20, 1882 box 3 folder 14
    From Dr. George Benedict, February 10. 1882 box 3 folder 15
    From Cousin Seely, February 10, 1882 box 3 folder 16
    From Dr. George Benedict, February 17, 1882 box 3 folder 17
    From Charles T. Barnum, February 24, 1882 box 3 folder 18
    From S.T. Rogers, February 27, 1882 box 3 folder 19
    From B.L. Swan, March 1, 1882 box 3 folder 20
    From Unknown, March 2, 1882 box 3 folder 21
    From Samuel Barnum, March 4, 1882 box 3 folder 22
    From A.L. Baldwin, March 6, 1882 box 3 folder 23
    From Mrs. Evander R. Hall, March , 1882 box 3 folder 24
    From B.S. [?], March 6, 1882 box 3 folder 25
    From George Benedict, March 7, 1882 box 3 folder 26
    From N.R. Barnum, March 8, 1882 box 3 folder 27
    From [?] H. Barnum, March 9, 1882 box 3 folder 28
    From B.P. Parson, March 10, 1882 box 3 folder 29
    From Granville Barnum, March 11, 1882 box 3 folder 30
    From Henry P. Barnum, March 13, 1882 box 3 folder 31
    From George Benedict, March 14, 1882 box 3 folder 32
    From Roswell Smith, March 16, 1882 box 3 folder 33
    From Roswell Smith, March 16, 1882 box 3 folder 45
    From George Barnum, March 18, 1882 box 3 folder 35
    From Jehitilan Lind, March 22, 1882 box 3 folder 36
    From George Barnum, March 29, 1882 box 3 folder 37
    From Dwight M. Baldwin, April 10, 1892 box 3 folder 38
    From P. ___, April 17, 1882 box 3 folder 39
    From Franklin Ball, April 23, 1882 box 3 folder 40
    From Ellen Pain, May 9, 1882 box 3 folder 41
    From A.D. Bartlett, Jun 7, 1882 box 3 folder 42
    From A.V. Lichold, July 13, 1882 box 3 folder 43
    From John Davis, August 14, 1882 box 3 folder 44
    From Minnie Barnum, August 16, 1882 box 3 folder 45
    From Mary Amermun, August 20, 1882 box 3 folder 46
    From M. Baird, October 31, 1882 box 3 folder 47
    From C.J. Bellknap, November 18, 1882 box 3 folder 48
    From Mrs E. Sanford, January 25, 1883 box 3 folder 49
    From General John A. Halderman, February 8, 1883 box 3 folder 50
    From Eli C. Barnum, February 10, 1883 box 3 folder 51
    From Whitelaw Read, march 5, 1883 box 3 folder 52
    From M. Baird/Smithsonian Institution, April 3, 1883 box 3 folder 53
    From R. Everett June 29, 1883 box 3 folder 54
    From R.H. Belly, June 29, 1883 box 3 folder 55
    From A. Agassis, June 1883 box 3 folder 56
    From C.H. Shepherd, July 14, 183 box 3 folder 57
    From Dr. John J. Brown, July 18, 1883 box 3 folder 58
    From Unknown, July 24, 1883 box 3 folder 59
    From Mrs. Jennie Raily, August 7, 1883 box 3 folder 60
    From Pancoast and Manel, August 10, 1883 box 3 folder 61
    From Julia R. White, August 19, 1883 box 3 folder 62
    From Rev. W. Packard, August 20, 1883 box 3 folder 63
    From Rev W. Winter, August 21, 1883 box 3 folder 64
    From Thomas Smith Engineers, August 26, 1883 box 3 folder 65
    From Henry A. Ward, August 29, 1883 box 3 folder 66
    From Unknown, August 31, 1883 box 3 folder 67
    From A. Clement, August 31, 1883 box 3 folder 68
    From Rev. Dr. H.R. Howard, September 5, 1883 box 3 folder 69
    From Mrs S.M. Perkins, September 5, 1883 box 3 folder 70
    From Joaquin Miller, September 8, 1883 box 3 folder 71
    From S. Marie Bevin, September 12, 1883 box 3 folder 72
    From Gertie H. Green, September 15, 1883 box 3 folder 73
    E. James, September 17, 1883 box 3 folder 74
    From C.E. Dickson, September 22, 1883 box 3 folder 75
    From V.B. Mullan, September 24, 1883 box 3 folder 76
    From R.W. Carte, September 26, 1883 box 3 folder 77
    From William Pool, September 30, 1883 box 3 folder 78
    From Helen A. Edwards, September 1883 box 3 folder 79
    From G. Bell, October 2, 1883 box 3 folder 80
    From M.S. Guyon, October 18, 1883 box 3 folder 81
    From Charles T. Root, october 18, 1883 box 3 folder 82
    From L.L Rees, October 20, 1883 box 3 folder 83
    From H. Husted, October 22, 1883 box 3 folder 84
    From Willis and Nicholson, October 22, 1883 box 3 folder 85
    From Alice Gardener, october 23, 1883 box 3 folder 86
    From D[?], October 25, 1883 box 3 folder 87
    From Mayor J.A. Miller, October 28, 1883 box 3 folder 88
    From George B. Chamerlain, October 29, 1883 box 3 folder 89
    From J.W. Denhart, October 2, 1883 box 3 folder 90
    From O.C. Marsh, November 2, 1883 box 3 folder 91
    From Clay E. Rolfe. November 7, 183 box 3 folder 92
    From C.C. Lees, November 14, 1883 box 3 folder 93
    From Lord Pelham Clinton, November 15, 1883 box 3 folder 94
    From Edward Sansing Sattertoe, November 21, 1883 box 3 folder 95
    From Archdeacon Dunbar; Sir Archibald Dunbar, November 29, 1883 box 3 folder 96
    From Annie McCluskey, December 2, 1883 box 3 folder 97
    From Andrew D. White, December 3, 1883 box 3 folder 98
    From John W. Idle, December 5, 1883 box 3 folder 99
    From Mrs. Emily Haviland Mead, December 6, 1883 box 3 folder 100
    From S. Calkins, December 9, 1883 box 3 folder 101
    From David Briggs, December 10, 1883 box 3 folder 102
    From T.B. Zeller, December 17, 1883 box 3 folder 103
    From Mrs. M.Y. Huff, December 12, 1883 box 3 folder 104
    From Samuel Lockwood, December 18, 1883 box 3 folder 105
    From M.A. McClaskey, 1883[?] box 3 folder 106
    From Saint Meinrad's Abbey, January 17, 1884 box 4 folder 1
    From Samuel W. Barnum, January 18, 1884 box 4 folder 2
    From William, January 22, 1884 box 4 folder 3
    Saint Meinrad's Abbey, January 25, 1884 box 4 folder 4
    From M.L. Race, January 29, 1884 box 4 folder 5
    From Unknown, January 29, 1884 box 4 folder 6
    From New York medical Aid and Relief Society, January 30, 1884 box 4 folder 7
    From Henry Bergh, March 22, 1884 box 4 folder 8
    From Samuel W. Barnum, September 2, 1884 box 4 folder 9
    From C.F. Raymond, 1884 box 4 folder 10
    From Robert G., October 1, 1885 box 4 folder 11
    From C.A. Dana, April 5, 1887 box 4 folder 12
    From Sarah Hatch, May 23, 1888 box 4 folder 13
    From General Noble, May 6, 1889 box 4 folder 14
    From Bobbi Burns, July 7, 1890 box 4 folder 15
    From Rev T.W. Higginson, 18[??] box 4 folder 16
    From Mrs W.G. Hunter, January 25, [no year] box 4 folder 17
    From Mrs. C.F. Stan, March 8, undated box 4 folder 18
    From Catherine C. Hopley, August 8 [no year] box 4 folder 19
    From A.H. Hone, December 8, no year box 4 folder 20
    From Dwight W. Baldwin, undated box 4 folder 21
    From W. Mills, undated box 4 folder 22
    From Unknown, ticket request, undated box 4 folder 23
    From Unknown, genealogical information, undated box 4 folder 24
    Subseries C: Additional correspondence about Barnum business ventures; misc. box 4 folder 25
    From John Greenwood Jr. to H.B. Curtis and Co. August 14, 1854 box 4 folder 26
    From John Greenwood Jr. to H.B. Curtis and Co. August 14, 1854 box 4 folder 27
    Bank notes E.P. Nichols to Mrs. Curtis, 1855; p.T. barnum to E. T. Nichols 1855 box 4 folder 28
    P.T. Barnum, copy of statement to prosecuting attorney, 1861 box 4 folder 29
    From Geroge B. Bunnell to A. Steward, march 16, 1881 box 4 folder 30
    From Morris B. Beardsley to George C. waldo, April 1, 1885 box 4 folder 31
    From William __ to James A. Bailey, September 1, 1885 box 4 folder 32
    From J.L. Hutchinson to James A. Bailey [telegram], September 16, 1885 box 4 folder 33
    From Merrit Young to James A. Bailey, September 16, 1885 box 4 folder 45
    From J.L. Hutchinson to james A. Bailey, September 16, 1885 box 4 folder 35
    From Merrit Young and Joseph McCaddon to Mrs. James A. Bailey and T. McCaddon, September 16, 1885 box 4 folder 36
    From Merrit Young to James A. Bailey [telegram] September 17, 1885 box 4 folder 37
    From J.L. Hutchinson to James A. Bailey [telegram, reply on reverse], September 25, 1885 box 4 folder 38
    From J.L. Hutchinson to James A. Bailey, September 25, 1885 box 4 folder 39
    From J.L. Hutchinson to James A. Bailey [telegram], September 29, 1885 box 4 folder 40
    From T.D. Rogers to Samuel Orcutt, December 12, 1886 box 4 folder 41
    Signed by B. Fish. September 25, 1892 box 4 folder 42
    From B. Fish to Orcutt, October 5, 1892 box 4 folder 43
    From B. Fish to Orcutt, November 11, 1892 box 4 folder 44
    From James A. Bailey to Frank Clark, January 21, 1896 box 4 folder 45
    Letterhead, office of the Bridgeport Scientific Society, Samuel Orcutt, 189[?] box 4 folder 46
    From LMV to Mrs. A. Middlebrook, 189[?] box 4 folder 47
    Mary Barnum, quilt claim, 1741 box 4 folder 48
    Envelope addressed to J.W. Knowlton, c. 1887-1889 box 4 folder 49
    From W. Mills box 4 folder 50
    Typewritten letters to Nan, unsigned, undated box 4 folder 51
    Envelopes to George C. Waldo; Mary Bateman; R.B. Lacey; Trubee box 4 folder 52
    Letter to Whiteblosom, July 4, 1919, unsigned box 4 folder 53
    Letterhead and envelopes, 4 pieces, undated box 4 folder 54
    Letterhead, Barnum and Bailey, 189__ box 4 folder 55
    Letterhead, Barnum and Bailey, 1870; 19__ box 4 folder 56
    O.W. Thomas, about P.T. Barnum, July 4, 1877 box 4 folder 57
    Signatures of Barnum on slips of paper, 1868 box 5 folder 1
    Indentures (2), Henry W. Sergeants and wife Helen C. Olmstead to Barnum, 1837 box 5 folder 2
    Bond, Nehemiah Dodge to Barnum for April 1-October 1, October 1, 1844 box 5 folder 3
    Mortgage, Nehemiah Dodge to Barnum, October 18, 1844 box 5 folder 4
    Indenture, February 1851 box 5 folder 5
    Bond, Henry W. Sargent to Barnum, February 7, 1851 box 5 folder 6
    Warranty deed for Barnum to Eli Dewhurst, June 10, 1876 box 5 folder 7
    Acknowledgement receipt from Barnum to William Noble of $1 for loan by Washington Park to Methodist Episcopal church Board of Trustees, August 7, 1883 box 5 folder 8
    Acknowledgement receipt from Barnum of $3500 for land on Fairfield Avenue from Charles E. Sanford, July 10, 1885 box 5 folder 9
    Acknowledgement receipt from Barnum of $600 for land from William Randall, September 21, 1889 box 5 folder 10
    Ledger, c. 1854 box 5 folder 11
    Document, copy of marriage license to Nancy Fish, February 14, 1874 box 5 folder 12
    Agreement between Bunell and Barnum, November 3, 1876 box 5 folder 13
    Petition for harbor pilot application that includes Barnum’s signature, 1850 box 5 folder 14
    Legal document photocopies, 1852; 1853 box 5 folder 15
    Sample of Barnum’s printing work in Bethel CT, writ justice book c. 1831-1834 box 5 folder 16
    Payment to Justice of the Peace Oliver Shepard by Lucius Booth, May 5, 1830 box 5 folder 17
    Barnum on Temperance from Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, July 24, 1875 box 5 folder 18
    Booklet, “Why I Am a Universalist” by P.T. Barnum, undated box 5 folder 19
    Pages from “Struggles and Triumphs” featuring East Bridgeport and American Museum, undated box 5 folder 20
    Calling card from Mrs. Barnum to Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Trubee, undated box 5 folder 21
    Book, “The Last Chapter” by Nancy Fish Barnum, #40, 1893 box 5 folder 22
    Barnum family legal documents, Samuel Barnum, August 18, 1735 (original and 19th century copy) box 5 folder 23
    Barnum family legal documents, Francis Barnum, August 18, 1735 (original and 19th century copy) box 5 folder 24
    Deed wrapping of Francis Barnum to his sons, August 19, 1763 box 5 folder 25
    Barnum family legal documents, testimony of Captain Ebenezer Stevins et. al. August, 1763 box 5 folder 26
    Barnum family legal documents, Francis Barnum deed, September 4, 1763, original and 19th century copy) box 5 folder 27
    Genealogy, general narrative, 4 pages, undated box 5 folder 28
    Genealogy, general narrative on Waldemere paper, c. 1880s box 5 folder 29
    Genealogy, Listing of marriage and deaths 1778-1868, intended for family Bible, undated box 5 folder 30
    Genealogy, Typed family history, undated box 5 folder 31
    Genealogy, “Genealogy of the Barnum Family in the United States, 1662-1874” box 5 folder 32
    Genealogy, “Genealogy of the Barnum and Taylor families” undated box 5 folder 33
    Genealogy, “Genealogy of the Barnum Family, Thomas - Nancy Fish, 1874” box 5 folder 45
    Genealogy, “List of papers concerning persons by the name Barnum found among the army rolls of the war of the Revolution” undated box 5 folder 35
    Genealogy, Darius Barnum, son of Seth, marriages and birth c. 1870s box 5 folder 36
    Genealogy, “Thomas Barnum-P.T.Barnum” by Frank Fransworth Starr, 1882 box 5 folder 37
    Genealogy, Thomas Barnum box 5 folder 38
    Genealogy, List of children of Philo Barnum, undated box 5 folder 39
    Genealogy, Statement of service of Philo Barnum in Revolutionary War, June 25, 1890 box 5 folder 40
    Genealogy, Question and answer sheet, undated box 5 folder 41
    Genealogy, Address of Mrs. A.S. Barnum, undated box 5 folder 42
    Check featuring Iranistan (one of Barnum’s homes), 1849 box 5 folder 43
    Bank note, Pequonnock Bank, $5, 1856 box 5 folder 44
    Check, Merchant’s Exchange Bank, April 13, 1858 box 5 folder 45
    Oration on the Freedom of the Press, December 5, 1832 box 6 folder 1
    P.T. Barnum 80th birthday invitation, July 5, 1890 box 6 folder 2
    P.T. Barnum’s 80th birthday menu, June 2, 1874 box 6 folder 3
    Program booklet to Welcome to Mr. P.T. Barnum to England, November 1889 1 of 2 box 6 folder 4
    Program booklet to Welcome to Mr. P.T. Barnum to England, November 1889 2 of 2 box 6 folder 5
    Memorial ribbon from P.T. Barnum’s funeral, April 10, 1891 box 6 folder 6
    Memorial service program from Barnum’s funeral, April 10, 1891 box 6 folder 7
    Barnum’s Will and Codicils, 1891, 1 of 2 box 6 folder 8
    Barnum’s Will and Codicils, 1891, 2 of 2 box 6 folder 9
    Obituaries, April 1891 box 6 folder 10
    Funeral program for Barnum’s services, April 10, 1891 box 6 folder 11
    Program for dedication of Barnum monument at Seaside Park, July 4, 1893 box 6 folder 12
    Ribbon with Barnum on it from dedication of Barnum monument at Seaside Park, July 4, 1893 box 6 folder 13
    Trade cards, “Every man rides his own hobby…” by Kash, c. 1870-1880 box 6 folder 14
    Life of P.T. Barnum booklet posted in Duke’s Cigarettes, c. 1890 box 6 folder 15
    Book, “The Last Chapter” by Nancy Fish, 1983 box 6 folder 16
    Booklet, “To Perpetuate the name of P.T. Barnum” undated box 6 folder 17
    “Nouvel apercu de la vie de James A. Bailey” by James Bailey, 1988 box 6 folder 18
    Music cover, National Poultry Show Polka, undated box 6 folder 19
    “Letter I Wish P.T. Barnum Had Written” by A.H. Saxon, undated box 6 folder 20
    Review of Barnum’s autobiography from Harper’s Monthly, 1855 box 6 folder 21
    Clippings, undated box 6 folder 22
    Newspapers, single event listing, June 187 box 6 folder 23
    Article, Barnum as Legislator from Harper’s Weekly, September 1926 box 6 folder 24
    Article, discusses life and career, undated box 6 folder 25
    Subject files, Bridgeport Scientific Society Sixteenth Annual Course of lectures tickets, 1892-1893 box 6 folder 26
    Subject files, programs for the Barnum Institute opening exercises, 1893 box 6 folder 27
    Subject files, program for Bridgeport Scientific Society, 1888-1891 box 6 folder 28
    Subject files, Scientific Society, piece of linen from mummy,undated box 6 folder 29
    Subject files, essay on circus, undated box 6 folder 30
    Subject files, guidebooks to Brighton, New Brighton, undated box 6 folder 31
    Subject files, History of American Clock Business, Life of Chauncey Jerome, New Haven, 1860 box 6 folder 32
    Subject files, Seaside Institute, Announcement of plan and purpose, November 10, 1887 box 6 folder 33
    Coin, celebrates the centennial of the circus and features a portrait of Barnum, 1970 box 6 folder 45
    Illustrations of Barnum, young, 1820s-1850s box 6 folder 35
    Illustrations of Barnum, middle aged, c. 1850s-1870s box 6 folder 36
    Illustrations of Barnum, older, c. 1870s-1890s box 6 folder 37
    Illustrations, cartoons of Barnum; Barnum on a rail, Barnum five seconds ahead, undated box 6 folder 38
    Illustrations of Barnum’s homes, undated box 6 folder 39
    Illustrations of Barnum’s birthplace in Bethel, CT, c. 1869 box 6 folder 40
    Illustration of fountain Barnum gifted to Bethel, CT, c. 1869 box 6 folder 41
    Illustrations from ‘Struggles and Triumphs’, undated box 7 folder 1
    Photographs, Portraits of young Barnum, c. 1830s-1850s box 7 folder 2
    Photograph, Barnum leering at dancer, 1864 box 7 folder 3
    Photographs, portraits of Barnum, middle aged, c. 1850s box 7 folder 4
    Photograph, portrait of Barnum, c. 1880 by Rockwood Studio, Union Square, NY box 7 folder 5
    Photograph, Portrait of Barnum, later years, by E.C. Betts studio, Bridgeport box 7 folder 6
    Photographs, portraits of Barnum, older, c. 1870s-1890s box 7 folder 7
    Photographs, portraits of Barnum from Schneider Collection, c. 1880s box 7 folder 8
    Photographs, P.T. Barnum and Hugh Brady (coachman) box 7 folder 9
    Photograph, Barnum in carriage at Waldemere (one of Barnum’s homes), undated box 7 folder 10
    Photograph, Barnum, Nancy Fish Barnum, Wander I. DeVer and Eva Warner, c. 1870s box 7 folder 11
    Photograph, Barnum family portrait, c. 1880s box 7 folder 12
    Photographs, Charity Barnum, undated box 7 folder 13
    Photographs, Nancy Fish, undated box 7 folder 14
    Photograph, Jim Bailey, Danbury newsman, 1878 box 7 folder 15
    Photographs, Pauline Barnum. undated box 7 folder 16
    Photograph, Philo Barnum, 1875 box 7 folder 17
    Photograph, Reverend Thomas K. Beecher box 7 folder 18
    Photographs, Lindencroft (one of Barnum’s homes), undated box 7 folder 19
    Photographs, Waldemere (one of Barnum’s homes), c. 1875 box 7 folder 20
    Photographs, Waldemere (one of Barnum’s homes), undated box 7 folder 21
    Photographs, Barnum statues and plaques, undated box 7 folder 22
    Photographs, Universalist church on Fairfield Avenue box 7 folder 23
    Photographs, fountain in Bethel gifted to city by P.T. Barnum, undated box 7 folder 24
    Photographs from the film “The Mighty Barnum” box 7 folder 25
    Photograph negatives, undated box 7 folder 26
    Bethel ledger, with detailed accounts of Barnum's store keeping in the early 1830s then jumps to 1854 and receipts of the American Museum. Details also on the menagerie, insurance policies, and various letters and other documents, 1832-1833 (Held out of drawer) Restricted access. box Drawer 1 folder 1
    Barnum deed to Isaac E. Keeler, land in East Bridgeport, September 28, 1853, accession 1978.07 box Drawer 1 folder 2
    Barnum lottery document, September 1, 1834 box Drawer 1 folder 3
    P.T. Barnum’s pocket diaries, 1883 and undated. Restricted access. box Drawer 1 folder 4
    Barnum diary, 1889. Restricted access. box Drawer 1 folder 5
    Barnum diary, 1890. Restricted access. box Drawer 1 folder 6
    Salmagundi ledger, a highly eclectic group of documents. The contents are primarily but not exclusively business records --copies of letters, plans of vault at Mountain Grove Cemetery, receipts and routes of circuses, financial dealings, property transactions, etc. ,Restricted access. box Drawer 1 folder 7
    P.T. Barnum’s personal account book, undated And Mason certificate. box Drawer 1 folder 8
    Caroline Barnum Thompson’s diaries, handwritten, typed (2), 1848 box Drawer 1 folder 9
    Caroline Barnum Thompson’s diaries, handwritten, typed, printed, 1850-1851 box Drawer 1 folder 10
    Genealogy of the Barnum family, undated box Drawer 1 folder 11
    Bound copy of Barnum’s Annual Address to Fairfield County Agricultural Society, 1849 box Drawer 1 folder 12
    PT Barnum to the public, responding to David W. Sherwood , April 5, 1875 box Drawer 1 folder 13
    Book, Running to Waste by George Baker, signed by Barnum to a grandchild for Christmas, 1874 box Drawer 1 folder 14
    New Haven Register, mock-up of full-page New Haven Register proof, biography of Barnum with art by Russ Jones, July 2, 1961 box Drawer 1 folder 15
    PTB Caricature from Vanity Fair by Leslie Ward (aka Spy), undated box Drawer 1 folder 16
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated News, PT Barnum at McLevy Hall, May 10, 1856 box Drawer 1 folder 17
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated News, PT Barnum at McLevy Hall, May 10, 1856, cropped box Drawer 1 folder 18
    Photograph, portrait of P.T. Barnum with signature, c. 1886, accession 2010.22 box Drawer 1 folder 19
    Phonograph recording, The Wonders of the Age / Mr. Edison’s New Talking Phonograph with PTB’s voice , undated box Drawer 2 folder 1
    Herald of Freedom and Gospel Witness. Bethel: P.T. Barnum, v. 2, no. 8, December 5, 1832 box Drawer 2 folder 2
    P. T. Barnum's real estate sub-division to Denver, 1882 box Drawer 2 folder 3
    Bridgeport Hospital decree honoring P.T. Barnum, deceased president, 1891 box Drawer 2 folder 4
    Columbia Register, December 20, 1851 box Drawer 2 folder 5
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, November 1, 1853 box Drawer 2 folder 6
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, illustration of PTB and Lindencroft; illustration of PTB in Bridgeport’s Common Council, July 23, 1864 box Drawer 2 folder 7
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, “Barnum at the Common Council meeting” July 24, 1875 box Drawer 2 folder 8
    New York Dramatic News, Barnum as moral agent, December 14, 1878 box Drawer 2 folder 9
    New York Dramatic News and Society Journal, part of a Barnum picture, December 14, 1878 box Drawer 2 folder 10
    Clippings, advertisement for “Barnum and Beaches’ Paper”, 1853 box Drawer 2 folder 11
    Life Illustrated, a Journal of Entertainment, Improvement, and Progress, “sympathy with Mr. Barnum,” Barnum’s financial difficulties” May 3, 1856 box Drawer 2 folder 12
    New Haven Palladium, Barnum vs. Hubbard, April 25, 1878 box Drawer 2 folder 13
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, February 18, 1882 box Drawer 2 folder 14
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, dinner given to P.T. Barnum by citizens of Bridgeport, July 11, 1874 box Drawer 2 folder 15
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, Barnum’s ethnological congress, April 25, 1885 box Drawer 2 folder 16
    Ladies Home Journal, clippings about Nancy Fish-Barnum, February/March 1891 box Drawer 2 folder 17
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, children at PTB’s burial, April 25, 1891 box Drawer 2 folder 18
    Various publications, April 1891 box Drawer 2 folder 19
    Grand Army of the Republic tribute to P.T. Barnum, 1891 box Drawer 2 folder 20
    Steel Engraving plate, Portrait of Barnum, undated box Drawer 2 folder 21
    Map, Bethel CT from the Beers Atlas, undated box Drawer 2 folder 22
    Illustration, Iranistan (one of Barnum’s homes) from newspaper, undated box Drawer 2 folder 23
    Illustration, Iranistan (one of Barnum’s homes) from Gleason’s, undated box Drawer 2 folder 24
    Illustrations, Iranistan (one of Barnum’s homes), undated box Drawer 2 folder 25
    Illustration, Fairfield County Agricultural Society ploughing match, 1852 box Drawer 2 folder 26
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, Illustrations of Waldemere and Seaside Park, August 29, 1874 box Drawer 2 folder 27
    Photograph, Lindencroft (one of Barnum’s homes), undated box Drawer 2 folder 28
    Photograph, Waldemere (one of Barnum’s homes), 1868-1869 box Drawer 2 folder 29
    Photograph, Waldemere and Marina (one of Barnum’s homes) side by side, check date box Drawer 2 folder 30
    Photograph, Barnum and elephants on Stratford Ave. bridge, check date box Drawer 2 folder 31
    Negative print of Waldemere lithograph, undated box Drawer 2 folder 32
    Barnum Polka by Theodore Eisfeld box Drawer 2 folder 33
    Colored lithograph, Iranistan (one of Barnum’s homes), undated box Drawer 2 folder 45
    Color illustration from Gleason’s, Iranistan (one of Barnum’s homes), 1857 box Drawer 2 folder 35
    Illustration, Waldemere (one of Barnum’s homes), undated box Drawer 2 folder 36
    Photograph of Barnum box Drawer 2 folder 37
    Photograph of Barnum box Drawer 2 folder 38
    Newspaper, Columbia Register, November 19, 1847, feature on Iranistan box Drawer 2 folder 39

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    Series II - American Museum

    Title/DescriptionInstances
    Booklet, "An Illustrated Catalog and Guide Book to Barnum's American Museum" original and photocopy, c. 1850s box 8 folder 1
    Booklet, "A Historical Account of the Siamese Twin Brothers" 1831; 1834 box 8 folder 2
    Note: Chang and Eng Bunker did not appear at the American Museum until later. However, they are included in this series because of their later exhibition there. box 8 folder 3
    Booklet, "Memoir of an Eventful Expedition" with the Aztec Children, 1850 box 8 folder 4
    Booklet, "Life of the Living Aztec Children" 1860 box 8 folder 5
    Booklet, "A Guide to Rapid and Accurate Computation By Professor Hutchins" c. 1860 box 8 folder 6
    Booklet, “The Circassian Girl, Zalumma Agra, Star of the East” 1873 box 8 folder 7
    Note: This was printed at the start of Barnum’s circus venture, but lists her as appearing at the American Museum. As a result, it has been kept in the American Museum series. box 8 folder 8
    Handbill, Brunhilda, September 14, 1863 box 8 folder 9
    Tickets, American Museum tickets for Morning Concert, Wednesday November 13, no year c. 1860s box 8 folder 10
    Clippings, American Museum, 1851 box 8 folder 11
    Clippings about the American Museum, 20th century box 8 folder 12
    Illustrations, American Museum on Broadway, 1850 box 8 folder 13
    Illustration, Barnum's Museum on Sevenths and Chestnut, 1851 box 8 folder 14
    Illustrations, front of American Museum circa 1850s-1860s box 8 folder 15
    Illustrations, American Museum interiors c. 1850s-1860s box 8 folder 16
    Illustrations, American Museum fire, 1865 box 8 folder 17
    Photographs, Bates, Captain and Anna Swan undated box 8 folder 18
    Photographs, Bunker, Chang and Eng (Siamese Twins), undated box 8 folder 19
    Photographs, Campbell, Jane, undated box 8 folder 20
    Photographs, Jones, Annie, undated box 8 folder 21
    Photographs, American Museum performers, undated box 8 folder 22
    Negatives, American Museum building, undated box 8 folder 23
    Photographs, American Museum performers negatives, undated box 8 folder 24
    Handbill, Joice Heth, 1835 box Drawer 6 folder 1
    Barnum's American Museum handbills -1861 with the Living Hippototamus -Living Wonders, undated box Drawer 6 folder 2
    Handbill, Barnum's American Museum Christmas and New Year Holiday Bill featuring the living whale and living hippopotamus, 1864 1 of 2 box Drawer 6 folder 3
    Handbill, Barnum's American Museum Christmas and New Year Holiday Bill featuring the living whale, the living hippopotamus, and white rats, 1864 2 of 2 box Drawer 6 folder 4
    Lithograph. Chang and Eng, age 18,second page has Siamese and Malay characters plus the English translation; a facsimile of part of a treaty between the English and Siamese. [B631.9], undated box Drawer 6 folder 5
    Lithograph, Chang and Eng, 1839. box Drawer 6 folder 6
    Lithograph, the Wonderful Eliophobus Family by Currier and Ives, 187- box Drawer 6 folder 7
    Handbill, Siamese Twins for the Day Only, undated box Drawer 6 folder 8
    Handbill, Franklin Hall Lecture Series at the American Museum, 1865 box Drawer 6 folder 9
    Engraving, American Museum, 1852 box Drawer 6 folder 10
    Norwich Weekly Courier, Ad for the American Museum, June 4, 1852 box Drawer 6 folder 11
    Norwich Weekly Courier, Ad for the American Museum, June 11, 1851 box Drawer 6 folder 12
    Norwich Weekly Courier, Ad for the American Museum, June 18, 1851 box Drawer 6 folder 13
    Norwich Weekly Courier, Ad for the American Museum, June 25, 1851 box Drawer 6 folder 14
    The New York Herald, Ad for the American Museum, July 23, 1853 box Drawer 6 folder 15
    Illustrated News, January 1, 1853 box Drawer 6 folder 16
    Frank Leslie's Illustrated newspaper, interior of the American Museum, 1853 box Drawer 6 folder 17
    Harper's Weekly, The Japanese Mermaid, February 4, 1860 box Drawer 6 folder 18
    Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, feature about Barnum, April 7, 1860 box Drawer 6 folder 19
    Harper’s Weekly, Living Curiosities at Barnum’s Museum, December 15, 1860 box Drawer 6 folder 20
    Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, Great Conflagration in New York City, Ruins of Barnum's museum, July 29, 1865 FRAGILE box Drawer 6 folder 21
    Life Illustrated, January 31, 1857 box Drawer 6 folder 22
    Harper's Weekly, burning of the American Museum, March 21, 1868 box Drawer 6 folder 23
    Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, Fairy Wedding illustration, February 21. 1863 box Drawer 6 folder 24
    Foldered together (2 items) Clipping, Harper's Weekly, Holiday Street Fantasticals in New York City, January 12, 1867; Clipping, Harper's Weekly, Barnum's elephants in Winter Quarters, January 27, 1883 box Drawer 6 folder 25
    Foldered together (7 items) Harper's Weekly, Barnum's New Museum, July 17, 1880; -Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, Frightful collusion on the Housatonic Railroad new Bridgeport, Conn. September 2, 1865; Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, photographs and illustrations of Barnum's funeral, April 1891; Hearth and Home, Cottage at Seaside Park, February 27, 1869; Harper's Weekly, PT Barnum's The World in Contribution, March 29, 1875; Harper's Weekly, Barnum's New and Greatest Show on Earth, May 13, 1876; Harper's Weekly, Dayton Charity Circus, August 4, 1984 box Drawer 6 folder 26
    Gleason's Pictorial Drawing Room Companion, Spadling and Roger's floating circus palace, February 19, 1857 box Drawer 6 folder 27
    Photocopy, New York City scene showing museum building, undated box Drawer 6 folder 28
    Illustration of American Museum on Broadway, New York by Avery, undated box Drawer 6 folder 29
    Gleason's Pictorial Drawing Room Companion, undated FRAGILE box Drawer 6 folder 30
    Gleason's Pictorial Drawing Room Companion, President passing through Broadway in front of American Museum, undated box Drawer 6 folder 31
    Roxbury Gazette, article about Chang and Eng, October 10, 30, 1847 box Drawer 6 folder 32
    Gleason’s Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion, article about Chang and Eng, undated box Drawer 6 folder 33
    Gleason’s Pictorial Drawing-Room Companion, feature about museum and emphasis on elephants, June 21, 1851 box Drawer 6 folder 45
    New York Weekly Tribune, article about burning of the American Museum, January 1, 1873 box Drawer 6 folder 35

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    Series III: Circus, 1893-1993

    Title/DescriptionInstances
    Barnum and Bailey account book belonging to J. McCaddon, 1881-1887 box 9 folder 1
    Correspondence, James Bailey, October 6, 1902 box 9 folder 2
    Catalogues of show property, 1875 box 9 folder 3
    Catalogue of show property, 1894 box 9 folder 4
    Check, 1917 box 9 folder 5
    Circus performer scrapbook, “Life Story of Edwin Fritz Smith” 1918 box 9 folder 6
    Handbill, Howard Hall, February 19, 1877 box 9 folder 7
    Handbill, P.T. Barnum’s Greatest Show on Earth, 1878 box 9 folder 8
    Handbill, P.T. barnum and London Shows at Madison Square Garden, March 13, c. 1880s box 9 folder 9
    Handbills (3), c. 1880s box 9 folder 10
    Handbill, “Approaching the Close” Barnum and London Shows at Madison Square Garden, c. 1880s box 9 folder 11
    Ticket, the Annex, c. 1870 box 9 folder 12
    Invitation to Barnum's Hippodrome for the visit of King Kalakaua, December 1874 box 9 folder 13
    Ticket, Barnum’s Greatest Show on Earth, Gilmore’s Garden, 1877 box 9 folder 14
    Ticket, Barnum gymnasium exhibition, 1890 box 9 folder 15
    Tickets, various venues, 1891-1918 box 9 folder 16
    Courier, Barnum’s Greatest Show on Earth, FRAGILE, 1884 box 9 folder 17
    Courier, Barnum and Bailey’s Greatest Show on Earth, Hartford, CT, June 14, 189 box 9 folder 18
    rogram, Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth at Olympia, London, 1897 box 9 folder 19
    Program, Barnum and Bailey, Coney Island spectacular Water Carnival and Clown Joker, December 26, 1898 box 9 folder 20
    Program, Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth, America’s Naval Victory at Santiago, 1898 box 9 folder 21
    Program, Barnum and Co.’s Greatest Show on Earth, 1898 box 9 folder 22
    Program, Barnum and Bailey, Magazine of Wonders, 1903; 1906 box 9 folder 23
    Program, Barnum and bailey, Magazine of Wonders, 1908 box 9 folder 24
    Program, Barnum and Bailey, 1911 box 9 folder 25
    Program and Libretto, Cleopatra, 1912 box 9 folder 26
    Program, Barnum and Bailey, Greatest Show on Earth, Wizard Prince of Arabia at Missoula, August 11, 1914 box 9 folder 27
    Program, Barnum and Bailey Circus and Crookstown, FRAGILE, 1915 box 9 folder 28
    Program, Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey, 1952 box 9 folder 29
    Booklet, Admiral Dot and the Bearded Girl [Annie Jones], 1873 box 9 folder 30
    Booklet “History of Animals and Leading Curiosities contained in P.T. Barnum’s World’s Fair, 1874 box 9 folder 31
    Booklet, “Life of General Mite” 1876 box 9 folder 32
    Booklet, “History of Animals and Leading Curiosities” 1879 box 9 folder 33
    Booklet, “History of Animals” c. 1882 box 9 folder 45
    Booklet, “History of Animals” c. 1882-1885 box 10 folder 1
    Booklet, “Little Grains for Little People.” 1885 box 10 folder 2
    Booklet, “The Life and Adventures of Lord George Sanger” by George Sanger c. 1870s-1880s box 10 folder 3
    Booklet, “The Fall of Babylon,” 1890 box 10 folder 4
    Booklet, “Nero; or the Destruction of Rome” 1890-1891 box 10 folder 5
    Booklet, “Columbus and the Discovery of America” 1892 box 10 folder 6
    Booklet, “Biographical Sketch of count and Countess Philippe Nicol” c. 1894 box 10 folder 7
    Booklet, “Guide to Olympia, Barnum and Bailey's Great Show” 1897-1898 box 10 folder 8
    Booklet, “Zeo the Air Queen” c. 1880-1900s box 10 folder 9
    Booklet, “Circus Realm” June 29, 1906 box 10 folder 10
    Booklet, “Rhyme and Reason Truly” undated box 10 folder 11
    Booklet, “History and medical description of the two headed girl” (reprint) 1976 box 10 folder 12
    Songster, P.T. Barnum’s Great Clown Songster, c. 1877 box 10 folder 13
    Songster, Clown Songster for the 1879 season box 10 folder 14
    Songster, Barnum and Bailey songster, undated box 10 folder 15
    Souvenir, “Panorama of Barnum’s Roman Hippodrome” 1874 box 10 folder 16
    Souvenir of Barnum and London 15 united shows, c. 1884 box 10 folder 17
    Souvenir, Barnum and Bailey’s Greatest Show on Earth for Augusta, August 1, 1891 box 10 folder 18
    Lunch car statement, October 1, 1916 and Barnum Circus puzzle, 1893 box 10 folder 19
    Trade cards by J.A. Goffrey and Co. box 10 folder 20
    Pin, “The Great Barnum and Bailey Show” undated box 10 folder 21
    Commemorative wallet, undated box 10 folder 22
    Clippings, Harper’s Weekly, February 18. March 29, 1873; Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, 1870s-1880s box 10 folder 23
    Clipping, P.T. Barnum’s Roman Hippodrome, 1874 from Harper’s box 10 folder 24
    Clipping, Dan Rice to Adam Forepaugh in Chicago Evening Journal, 1879 box 10 folder 25
    Article, “Human Cannonballs” by Fred D. Pfening from Bandwagon, November/December, 1976 box 10 folder 26
    CBT advertisement with old Barnum advertisements on it c. 1980s box 10 folder 27
    Illustration, circus scenes, 1883-1884 box 10 folder 28
    Illustration, Barnum’s Mammoth tent, undated box 10 folder 29
    Illustration, Greatest Show on Earth with hippos and seal, undated box 10 folder 30
    Illustration, cut out horse drawn carriage advertising Barnum’s greatest show on Earth, undated box 10 folder 31
    Illustration, Captain Costentenus, 1876 box 10 folder 32
    Illustration, Millie Christine, the renowned two headed lady, 1880 box 10 folder 33
    Illustrations, elephants, Barnum’s white elephant postcards, 1884 box 10 folder 45
    Illustration, The Barnum and Bailey Circus Girl, 1905 box 10 folder 35
    Illustration, circus carousel, c. 1911 box 10 folder 36
    Photograph, Chang the Chinese Giant, undated box 10 folder 37
    Photograph, William Cody, “Buffalo Bill” box 10 folder 38
    Photograph, elephants, Head of Grace the Elephant, December 27, 1887 box 10 folder 39
    Photographs, elephants, Hebe and Baby Bridgeport box 10 folder 40
    Photographs, elephants, Barnum and elephants on Stratford Avenue Bridge, 1889 box 10 folder 41
    Photographs, elephants c. 1870s-1890s box 10 folder 42
    Photograph, Mammoth the Fat Boy, undated box 10 folder 43
    Photographs, Trapeze artist, male performer, name unknown, undated box 10 folder 44
    Photographs, circus performers, c. 1870s-1890s box 10 folder 45
    Photographs, Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Middlebrook (Winter Quarters manager), undated box 10 folder 46
    Photograph, Barnum and Bailey Department of Prodigies at Olympia, London, 1898-1899 box 10 folder 47
    Photograph, Mabel Stark wrestling with a tiger, undated box 10 folder 48
    Photograph of a Lillian Leitzel poster, undated box 10 folder 49
    Real estate ad with Barnum and plastic sheet map of properties for Barnum and Noble, undated box 10 folder 50
    Negatives for circus material box 10 folder 51
    Nancy Fish Barnum to Middlebrook, 1890 box 11 folder 1
    Roberts to Middlebrook, July 31, 1891 box 11 folder 2
    Roberts to Middlebrook, August 23, 1891 box 11 folder 3
    H.B. Rennell to Middlebrook, March 1, 1895 box 11 folder 4
    F.W. Rennell to Middlebrook, March 6, 1895 box 11 folder 5
    D.W. Thompson to Middlebrook, March 7, 1895 box 11 folder 6
    Funeral home bill sent to Middlebrook for W.F. Bishop, March 8. 1895 box 11 folder 7
    Middlebrook death notice telegram from J. Fish to McCaddon box 11 folder 8
    Jessica Seeley Marshall to Middlebrook, July 9. 1895 box 11 folder 9
    Mary L. Chasebrough to Dear Friend, August 14, 1905 box 11 folder 10
    Illustrations of Baby Bridgeport, 1882 box 11 folder 11
    Photographs of elephants at Winter Quarters, c. 1922; undated box 11 folder 12
    Winter Quarters buildings and grounds, building plan, c. 1927 box 11 folder 13
    Winter Quarters buildings and grounds, illustrations, 1871-1927 box 11 folder 14
    Winter Quarters buildings and grounds, postcard views, 1909; undated box 11 folder 15
    Winter Quarters buildings and grounds, railroad, 1871-1927 box 11 folder 16
    Winter Quarters buildings and grounds, yard, 1871-1927 box 11 folder 17
    Illustrations, Winter Quarters fire, 1927 box 11 folder 18
    Photographs, aftermath of Winter Quarters fire, 1927 box 11 folder 19
    Winter Quarters negatives, 1871-1927 box 11 folder 20
    Booklet, RGN studio on the old grounds of Winter Quarters, undated box 11 folder 21
    Courier, P.T. Barnum's the World in Contribution for Taunton, New Bedford, Fall River, and North Bridgewater, May 7-10, 1873 box Drawer 8 folder 1
    Courier: P.T. Barnum's Great Traveling World's Fair for Boston, Mass., May 12, 1873 box Drawer 8 folder 2
    Courier, P.T. Barnum’s illustrated news, Bridgeport, CT, May 3, 1880 box Drawer 8 folder 3
    Courier: P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth and the Great London Circus for June 1, 1881, in Lowell, MA (red paper) box Drawer 8 folder 4
    Courier: Barnum and London Eight United Shows at Madison Square Garden commencing Monday, March 26, 1882 [red paper] box Drawer 8 folder 5
    Courier, “Book of Jumbo”, Newburyport, July 19, 1882 box Drawer 8 folder 6
    Courier: P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth combined with the Great London Circus for Jackson, August 28, 1884 box Drawer 8 folder 7
    Courier: P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth and Great London Circus for Bridgeport, Connecticut, 1885-1887 (white paper) box Drawer 8 folder 8
    Courier: P.T. Barnum and Co's United Greatest Show On Earth, Sanger's Royal British Menagerie, Great London Circus, and Grand International Allied Shows for Newburyport, July 18, 1887 box Drawer 8 folder 9
    Courier: "Barnum's Wonders, an Illustrated History of the Hindoo Hairy Family and other prodigious and exclusive features of the Greatest Show on Earth" for Fall River, June 17, 1888 box Drawer 8 folder 10
    Courier: Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth and the Great London Circus for Lowell, July 5, 1889 [red paper] box Drawer 8 folder 11
    Courier: P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth in London, November 11, 1889 (owned by the Bridgeport History Center) (color cover) box Drawer 8 folder 12
    Courier: Fall of Babylon at Oakland Garden, Boston, June 30, 1890 [red paper] box Drawer 8 folder 13
    Courier: Barnum and Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth for Madison Square Garden, beginning Thursday night on March 26, 1891 [yellow paper] box Drawer 8 folder 14
    Courier: Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth for Lowell on May 22, 1891 box Drawer 8 folder 15
    Courier: The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth for Lowell, Mass., June 22, 1891 [red paper] box Drawer 8 folder 16
    Courier : The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth, Imre Kiralfy's Columbus and the Discovery of America for Jersey City, Monday, May 2, 1887; Bridgeport, Monday May 29, 1892; Newark New Jersey on May 4-5, 1892 [red paper and blue paper] box Drawer 8 folder 17
    Courier: the Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth for Madison Square Garden, March 28, 1895, featuring a "New Ethnological Congress of Strange and Savage People" box Drawer 8 folder 18
    Courier: The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth, "The World Its Field" for Bridgeport, Friday, June 19, 1903[?] box Drawer 8 folder 19
    Courier: Ringling Brothers Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show, "Joan of Arc", for Saturday, August 10, 1912 box Drawer 8 folder 20
    Courier, Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on earth and the Gorgeous Indo-Arabic 1250 Character Oriental Wordlessly Play the Wizard Prince of Arabia, 1914 box Drawer 8 folder 21
    Courier: Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth, "New Superb Spectacle Cleopatra" c. 1910s box Drawer 8 folder 22
    Courier: Barnum and Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth for Bradford, Friday, September 18, [check year] [reproduction] box Drawer 8 folder 23
    Program: Dan Rice's Paris Pavilion circus, New York, September 25, 1871 box Drawer 8 folder 24
    Program: The Arena in New York City for Monday, November 18, 1872 box Drawer 8 folder 25
    Program: P.T. Barnum's Great Roman Hippodrome bill of the performance for the week ending November 21, 1874 box Drawer 8 folder 26
    Program: P.T. Barnum's Great Roman Hippodrome bill of the performance for the week ending April 3, 1875 box Drawer 8 folder 27
    Program: P.T. Barnum's Great Roman Hippodrome, 1875 box Drawer 8 folder 28
    Program: P.T. Barnum's Daily Show Program for Boston, Mass., 1876 box Drawer 8 folder 29
    P.T. Barnum’s Daily Program, May 15, 1880 box Drawer 8 folder 30
    Program: P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth and the Great London Circus at Madison Square Garden, March 25, 1882 box Drawer 8 folder 31
    Program: Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth and Great London Circus at Madison Square Garden, 1884 [red paper] box Drawer 8 folder 32
    Program: Barnum and London 9 Jumbo Shows United for Madison Square Garden, April 22, 1886 box Drawer 8 folder 33
    Program: P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth combined with the Great London Circus [...] for Madison Square Garden, 1888 box Drawer 8 folder 45
    Program: P.T. Barnum’s Greatest Show on Earth,…Great London Circus. Combined, for the N.Y .season only, with Adam Forepaugh’s, 1887 box Drawer 8 folder 35
    Program: Barnum and Bailey's 15 New United Shows[...] Madison Square Garden Regular Programme, 1889 box Drawer 8 folder 36
    Program: P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth and Great London Circus for Lowell, Mass. or Boston, Mass, 1889 [pink paper] box Drawer 8 folder 37
    Program: Barnum and Bailey's Greatest Show on Earth for Boston, Mass, Lowell, Mass, and Madison Square Garden, New York, 1891 [orange paper] [extremely fragile] box Drawer 8 folder 38
    Program: The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth official program for Nashua, New Hampshire, July 3, 1893 [red paper] box Drawer 8 folder 39
    Program: The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth for Boston, June 11-16, 1894, [range paper] box Drawer 8 folder 40
    Program: The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth for Madison Square Garden beginning April 19, 1897, orange paper box Drawer 8 folder 41
    Program: The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth, the Newly Added Cleopatra, for Spokane, Monday. August 12, 1912 box Drawer 8 folder 42
    Handbill: Dan Rice's Circus, "This Very Monday, January 11, for Kemp's Benefit, nothing but fun and frolic." January 11, 1871 box Drawer 9 folder 1
    Handbill: "P.T. Barnum's Great Travelling Museum, Menagerie, Caravan...", 1871 box Drawer 9 folder 2
    Handbill: P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth and the Great London Circus, Sanger's Royal British Menagerie and Grand International Allied Shows performing in Bath, Maine, on June 15, 1881. box Drawer 9 folder 3
    Handbill: "The Towering Giant Consolidation! P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth and the Great London circus" for 1881 featuring Chang the Chinese Giant box Drawer 9 folder 4
    Handbill: "Better Wait for Jumbo and the Entire United 8 Monster Shows" with blank space for show location, 1882-1885 box Drawer 9 folder 5
    Handbill: "Barnum and London, Barnum Returns No More" Lowell, Mass., for June 22, 1884 featuring Jumbo [yellow paper] box Drawer 9 folder 6
    Handbill: "P.T. Barnum's Great Traveling Museum, Menagerie, Caravan, and Hippodrome..[and]...Dan Costello's Mammoth Circus....Opinions of the American Press" 1884 box Drawer 9 folder 7
    Handbill :"The Great and Only Barnum and London 10 United Monster Exhibitions" with emphasis on excursion rates, July 25, 1887 box Drawer 9 folder 8
    Handbill: "Madison Square Garden Inauguration of the Hippodrome Season", 1887 box Drawer 9 folder 9
    Handbill: The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth for Anderson, Ind. July 9, 1890 featuring the racetrack at Olympia on one side and Nero or the Destruction of Rome on the other [green paper] box Drawer 9 folder 10
    Handbill: Barnum, Bailey and Hutchinson's Barnum and London Shows for Lowell, Mass. Friday July 11, 1884 featuring the Sacred White Elephant and Jumbo on both sides box Drawer 9 folder 11
    Handbill: "The P.T. Barnum and J.A. bailey Greatest Show On Earth [...] and with it Imre Kiralfy's Nero" for Springfield, July 18, 1890 box Drawer 9 folder 12
    Handbill: The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Shows on Earth for Reading, May 14, 1891 with red and black ink, featuring "Cheap Excursions from All Ponits" and "Hands Across the Sea" on one side and "Nero or the Destruction of Rome" on the other box Drawer 9 folder 13
    Handbill: The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth for Lowell, Monday, June 22, 1891 featuring the interior of the Greatest Show on Earth on one side and Nero or the Destruction of Rome on the other [yellow-green paper] box Drawer 9 folder 14
    Handbill: The Barnum and Bailey Greatest Show on Earth for Woonsocket, June 20, 1893 featuring Imre Kiralfy's Columbus on both sides, plus acrobats [green paper] (2 COPIES) box Drawer 9 folder 15
    Handbill: "Truth! [...] Compare! [...] Great London Circus and P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth" for Monday, May 1, in Buffalo, New York [yellow paper] box Drawer 9 folder 16
    Handbill: "Aladdin and his Wonderful Lamp" written in Hebrew, playing at Madison Square Garden, April 7-14, 1917 box Drawer 9 folder 17
    Program notes for Brattleboro Vermont, July 21, 1885 and Lowell MA, July 22, 1885 box Drawer 10 folder 1
    Barnum and Bailey circus route sheets for 1892; 1910; 1912 box Drawer 10 folder 2
    Children’s book, "P.T. Barnum's Circus with text and illustrations arranged for little people” by P.T. Barnum and Sarah J. Burke, 1888 box Drawer 10 folder 3
    Children’s book, removed pages from “P.T. Barnum's Circus with text and illustrations arranged for little people” by P.T. Barnum and Sarah J. Burke, 1888 box Drawer 10 folder 4
    Children’s book, "Barnum’s Great Show", 1889 box Drawer 10 folder 5
    Children’s book, “The Great American Menagerie “ box Drawer 10 folder 6
    Object, Gold belt buckle made by Tiffany and Company commemorating the 1908 circus season box Drawer 10 folder 7
    Film canister containing a catalog of circus items sold at auction, 1894 box Drawer 10 folder 8
    Illustration, Roman Hippodrome in Madison Square Garden from the Daily Graphic, March 5, 1874 box Drawer 10 folder 9
    Illustration, Roman Hippodrome interior from Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, May 9, 1874 box Drawer 10 folder 10
    Illustration, various circus animals at the winter quarters in Bridgeport, Connecticut from Harper’s Weekly, February 18, 1882 box Drawer 10 folder 11
    Illustration, Bathing elephants in Central Park from Harper’s Weekly, August 21, 1886 box Drawer 10 folder 12
    Enlarged copies of Illustrations taken from an unknown program or courier, c. 1880s-1900s box Drawer 10 folder 13
    Scrapbook, Circus Book pictures and articles pertaining to the American Museum and later period circus material, 1850s-1938 box Drawer 10 folder 14
    Fragment, Daily Mirror and American, “Barnum is Coming”, June 8, 1878 * box Drawer 10 folder 15
    Fragment, various newspaper fragments, undated box Drawer 10 folder 16
    Fragment, various newspapers, handbills, and couriers, undated box Drawer 10 folder 17
    Newspaper, Harper’s Weekly, October 4, 1879 box Drawer 10 folder 18
    Newspaper, ad taken from Cooley’s Weekly, June 4, 1887 box Drawer 10 folder 19
    Newspaper, Boston Herald featuring the Hippodrome, July, 1874 box Drawer 10 folder 20
    Newspaper, Daily Mirror and American featuring the Hippodrome, May 28, 1875 box Drawer 10 folder 21
    Newspaper, Free Press [Burlington VT] , June 27, 1879 box Drawer 10 folder 22
    Newspaper, The Hartford Globe, May 24, 1885 box Drawer 10 folder 23
    Newspaper, New York Tribune, December 7, 1887 box Drawer 10 folder 24
    Newspaper, New York Family Story Paper, supplement, December 24, 1887 box Drawer 10 folder 25
    Newspaper, The Daily Graphic, an illustrated evening newspaper, March 23, 1889 box Drawer 10 folder 26
    Newspaper, Feature on Madison Square Garden from the New York Times, May 21, 1967 box Drawer 10 folder 27
    Newspaper, History of Madison Square Garden from the New York Times, February 14, 1968 box Drawer 10 folder 28
    Article, Madison Square Garden through the Ages from unknown source, undated box Drawer 10 folder 29
    Article, The Glory of the Circus Parades, by T.F.Magner, undated box Drawer 10 folder 30
    Photograph: Carl Claire’s Military Band [12 ½” x 17 ¼”] from Schneider Collection, 1889-19899 box Drawer 10 folder 31
    Photograph: Circus in Hungary [12 ½” x 16 ¼”] from Schneider Collection, undated box Drawer 10 folder 32
    Photograph, circus elephants at winter quarters in Bridgeport, Conn, copy 1, undated box Drawer 10 folder 33
    Photograph, circus elephants at winter quarters in Bridgeport, Conn, copy 2, undated box Drawer 10 folder 45

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    Series IV: Jumbo

    Title/DescriptionInstances
    Ad for Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth featuring Jumbo c. 1880s box 12 folder 1
    Billy Burke's Jumbo Songster c. 1881 box 12 folder 2
    Jumbo trade cards by J.H. Bufford's Sons, 1882 box 12 folder 3
    Advertising trade cards with Jumbo c. 1800s box 12 folder 4
    The New York Receipt Book featuring Jumbo on page 21, 1883 box 12 folder 5
    Keer and Co Cord ad with Jumbo and "The History of Jumbo" c. 1800s box 12 folder 6
    Spool cotton thread ad with Jumbo, c. 1880s box 12 folder 7
    The Story of Jumbo by W.F. L. Edwards, 1935 box 12 folder 8
    Jumbo's Jolly Tales, unknown author. Circa 20th century box 12 folder 9
    The Tuftonian, volume 1, number 2, January 1941 box 12 folder 10
    Clippings related to Jumbo's death, 1885 box 12 folder 11
    Clippings, 1959; 1982 box 12 folder 12
    Jumbo picture clippings, 1881, 1882, n.d box 12 folder 13
    Illustrations, Jumbo in park in London c. 1870s box 12 folder 14
    Illustrations, Jumbo from various sources, c. 1884; undated box 12 folder 15
    Illustrations, Jumbo's departure from London and arrival (includes negatives) c. 1880s box 12 folder 16
    Photographs, Jumbo as a child with Matthew Scott box 12 folder 17
    Photographs, Jumbo with Matthew Scott in zoo setting box 12 folder 18
    Photographs, Jumbo with Matthew Scott, c. 1879s-1885 box 12 folder 19
    Photographs, Jumbo, dead, September 15, 1885 box 12 folder 20
    Photographs, Jumbo's Skeleton at the Museum of Natural History, 1950s box 12 folder 21
    Photographs, Jumbo mounted prior to Tufts box 12 folder 22
    Photographs, Jumbo at Tufts, c. 1940s-1950s box 12 folder 23
    Photographs, Jumbo's successor at Regent Park Zoo, undated box 12 folder 24
    Newspaper, New York Family Story Paper, supplement, December 24, 1887 box 12 folder 25
    Newspaper, The Daily Graphic, an illustrated evening newspaper, March 23, 1889 box 12 folder 26
    Newspaper, Feature on Madison Square Garden from the New York Times, May 21, 1967 box 12 folder 27
    Newspaper, History of Madison Square Garden from the New York Times, February 14, 1968 box 12 folder 28
    Article, Madison Square Garden through the Ages from unknown source, undated box 12 folder 29
    Article, The Glory of the Circus Parades, by T.F.Magner, undated box 12 folder 30
    Photograph: Carl Claire’s Military Band [12 ½” x 17 ¼”] from Schneider Collection, 1889-19899 box 12 folder 31
    Photograph: Circus in Hungary [12 ½” x 16 ¼”] from Schneider Collection, undated box 12 folder 32
    Photograph, circus elephants at winter quarters in Bridgeport, Conn, copy 1, undated box 12 folder 33
    Photograph, circus elephants at winter quarters in Bridgeport, Conn, copy 2, undated box 12 folder 45
    Box with circle of Jumbo's tusk c. 1885, tip of Columbia's tusk box Drawer 7 folder 1
    Jumbo trade cards (52), n.d box Drawer 7 folder 2
    Jumbo plate, undated box Drawer 7 folder 3
    Baby Bridgeport statue box Drawer 7 folder 4
    "Jumbo" a ballad from Young Ladies Journal, May 1, 1882 box =Drawer 7 folder 5
    Sheet music, Jumbo march, undated 1 of 2 box Drawer 7 folder 6
    Sheet music, Jumbo March, 2 of 2 box Drawer 7 folder 7
    Cut outs of Jumbo c. 1880s box Drawer 7 folder 8
    England’s Loss is America’s Gain,c. 1882 box Drawer 7 folder 9
    The London Illustrated News, Arrival of the White Elephant from Burmah and illustrations of Jumbo, January 26, 1884 box Drawer 7 folder 10
    Illustration, the White Elephant, 1884 box Drawer 7 folder 11
    Photographs, Jumbo dead on tracks box Drawer 7 folder 12
    Magazine, the Animal World, April 1882 box Drawer 7 folder 13

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    Series V: Jenny Lind

    Title/DescriptionInstances
    Correspondence, outcoming from Lind, c. 1847-1858; undated box 13 folder 1
    Correspondence, incoming to Lind, undated box 13 folder 2
    Correspondence, Felix Mendelssohn Bartoldy to Gustav Naunberg regarding Lind, February 8, 1846 box 13 folder 3
    Correspondence, David Shaw, Lind’s P.R. Manager, October 5, 1850 box 13 folder 4
    Letter, to or from H.W. Jewett, c. 1850-1851 box 13 folder 5
    Manuscript, ‘Jenny Lind At Last’ (play?) by Baron, undated box 13 folder 6
    Program, Tremont Temple, Boston, c. 1850 box 13 folder 7
    Program, Tripler Hall, November 7, 1850 box 13 folder 8
    Program, Tripler Hall, November 14, 1850 box 13 folder 9
    Program, Gran Teatro de Tacon, January 13, 1851 box 13 folder 10
    Program, May 9, 1851 box 13 folder 11
    Program, the Melodeon, June 18, 1851 box 13 folder 12
    Program, (photocopy), July 5, 1851 box 13 folder 13
    Program, Mrs. Otto Goldschmidt, May 21, 1852 box 13 folder 14
    Program, undated box 13 folder 15
    Jenny Lind celebrating Christmas with Hans Christian Andersen copy, undated box 13 folder 16
    Advertisements for Lind concerts at Theatre Royal, London; Royal Amphitheatre, 1847, FRAGILE box 13 folder 17
    Tickets, various Lind concerts, 1850-1851 box 13 folder 18
    Book, “Jenny Lind: Ein Skizze ihres Lebens” 1846 box 13 folder 19
    Book, “The Life of Jenny Lind...her genius, struggles, and triumphs” by C.G Goldschmidt, 1850 box 13 folder 20
    Book, “Life of Jenny Lind” by G.C. Foster, 1850 box 13 folder 21
    Book, “Flowers of Literature and Ladies Keepsake” 1850 box 13 folder 22
    Book, “Jenny Lind’s Tour through America and Cuba, 1851 box 13 folder 23
    Booklet, “Jenny Lind Comic Almanac” 1851 box 13 folder 24
    Book, “Jenny Lind, her vocal art and cadence” 1894 box 14 folder 1
    Sheet music, Jenny Lind Album c. 1850s box 14 folder 2
    Sheet music, “Metropolitan songster” c. 1850s box 14 folder 3
    Song book, “Jenny Lind Songster and Ethiopian Melodist” undated box 14 folder 4
    Song book, “The Swedish Nightingale Songster” undated box 14 folder 5
    Bank notes with Lind on them (5), c. 1850s box 14 folder 6
    Booklet with article on Lind, page 79, “Pictorial National Library” 1849 box 14 folder 7
    Booklet with article on Lind, “Woodsworth’s Youth’s Cabinet” vol 5. No. 4, April 1850 box 14 folder 8
    Clippings, magazine articles, 1851-1852; undated box 14 folder 9
    Clippings, contemporary to Lind, includes concert information and marriage information, c. 1850s-1890s box 14 folder 10
    Clippings, arrival in America and first concert, September 1850 box 14 folder 11
    Clippings, reviews, 1850s box 14 folder 12
    Clippings, related to Lind and Hans Christen Andersen, 1928; undated box 14 folder 13
    Clippings, brief biographies, 1947; mid 20th century box 14 folder 14
    Clippings, related to various Lind anniversaries, 1949; 1970; undated box 14 folder 15
    Clippings, biographical articles, 1968-1970, undated box 14 folder 16
    Clippings, citations of various articles on Lind, undat box 14 folder 17
    Illustration, Lind, published by John Neale, undated box 15 folder 1
    Illustration, Lind, engraved by J,C. McRae, undated box 15 folder 2
    Illustration, Lind in La Sonnambola (character role), 1847 box 15 folder 3
    Illustration, Jenny Lind as Alice at Her Majesty’s Theatre, August 26, 1848 box 15 folder 4
    Illustration, portrait of Jenny Lind around age 18, by J. Fagerplan box 15 folder 5
    Illustration, Lind by W. C. Wrankmore box 15 folder 6
    Illustration, portrait of Jenny Lind by Edward Mangus, 1862 box 15 folder 7
    Illustration, Lind, Belletti, and Benedict, c. 1850s box 15 folder 8
    Illustration first lessons from the Nightingale, c 1850 box 15 folder 9
    Illustration, portrait of Lind by Zeichnung von. O Sodermark, undated box 15 folder 10
    Illustration, young Lind with sheet music,undated box 15 folder 11
    Illustration, painting of Lind by L. Asher, undated box 15 folder 12
    Illustrations, Lind, young, undated box 15 folder 13
    Photograph, daguerreotype of Lind c. 1850s-1860s box 15 folder 14
    Illustrations, Lind from daguerreotype, various engraver. c. 1850s-1860s box 15 folder 15
    Illustration, older Lind by W. B. Closson, 1881 box 15 folder 16
    Illustrations, Lind, older, undated box 15 folder 17
    Photographs, Lind, older, undated box 15 folder 18
    Illustrations, Lind being welcomed to America in New York City, 1850 box 15 folder 19
    Illustration, Lind performing at Castle Garden fro Orcutt, c. 1887 box 15 folder 20
    Illustration, Lind’s home, undated box 15 folder 21
    Illustrations, exterior of Castle Garden, c. 19th century box 15 folder 22
    Illustrations, interior of Castle Garden, c. 19th century box 15 folder 23
    Photograph, statue of Lind in Stockholm, c. 1930s box 15 folder 24
    Photographs and illustration of bust of Lind by J. Durham, c. 1880s and 20th century box 15 folder 25
    Photographs, negatives for images in Lind series box 15 folder 26
    Photograph, Leni [name?] as Lind in the CBS program “You Are There”, April 10, 1955 box 15 folder 27
    Ah! Don’t Mingel, One Human Feeling. Composed by Bellini, undated box Drawer 3 folder 1
    Annie Laurie, undated box Drawer 3 folder 2
    The Birds’ Song. Composed by M. Taubert, undated box Drawer 3 folder 3
    [Be Watchful and Beware] The Song of the Gipsy, undated. box Drawer 3 folder 4
    By the Sad Sea Waves. Composed by J. Benedict (3 copies), undated box Drawer 3 folder 5
    Comin’ thro’ the Rye. (2 copies), undated box Drawer 3 folder 6
    Cradle Song, undated box Drawer 3 folder 7
    Deux Rondinos – Polkas: #2 Jenny Lind. Jenny Lind’s Favorite Polka. With variations by Czerny, undated box Drawer 3 folder 8
    Dodge's literary museum vol 9 no 22, November 4, 1854 box Drawer 3 folder 9
    The Dream. From the original of Frederica Bremer adapted by Carl Muller (3 copies),undated box Drawer 3 folder 10
    The Evening Breeze. (Gently Sighs the Breeze.) music by Stephen Glover, undated box Drawer 3 folder 11
    The Gipsy Polka. Composed by Leutner, undated box Drawer 3 folder 12
    Grand Valse de Caprice. Composed by Theod. Von La Hache, undated box Drawer 3 folder 13
    Herd Song, the Celebrated Echo Song, undated box Drawer 3 folder 14
    Homage à Jenny Lind. Composed by Carl Lobe, undated box Drawer 3 folder 15
    I Will Never Wend From Three. Arranged by Charles M. King, undated box Drawer 3 folder 16
    I’ve left the Snow-Clad Hills. Music by G. Linley (3 copies), undated box Drawer 3 folder 17
    Jenny Lind’s English Polka. Composed by Ricardo Linter, undated box Drawer 3 folder 18
    Jenny Lind's Fashionable Songster, undated box Drawer 3 folder 19
    Jenny Lind’s Favorite Polka. Arranged by N.P.B. Curtis, undated box Drawer 3 folder 20
    Jenny Lind’s Favorite Serenading Polka or the National Schottisch. Arranged by H.P. Weller, undated box Drawer 3 folder 21
    Jenny Lind’s Greeting to America. Composed by Julius Benedict, undated box Drawer 3 folder 22
    Jenny Lind’s Last Night in England. English words by Charles Jeffreys, undated box Drawer 3 folder 23
    Jenny Lind’s Salutation to America. Music by M. Strakosch , undated box Drawer 3 folder 24
    Jenny Lind’s Swedish Mountain Bells. Composed by John Barnett, undated box Drawer 3 folder 25
    The Jenny Lind Mania. Written by W.H.C. West [literary magazine, back page], undated box Drawer 3 folder 26
    Jenny Lind Melodist by William H. Murphy, undated box Drawer 3 folder 27
    Jenny Lind Newspaper, F. Gleason, Boston, undated box Drawer 3 folder 28
    Jenny Lind Polka. Arranged by a. Wallerstein, undated box Drawer 3 folder 29
    Jenny Lind Polka. Arranged by Allen Dodworth (7 copies), undated box Drawer 3 folder 30
    Jenny Lind Polka. Arranged by N. Andrew Baldwin, undated box Drawer 3 folder 31
    Jenny Lind Waltz. Music by Ludwig Hagemann, undated box Drawer 3 folder 32
    Les Ideales. Composed by Charles Grobe (2 copies), undated box Drawer 3 folder 33
    Lindianna or Jenny Lind’s Dream Waltz. Composed by Carl Lobe, undated box Drawer 3 folder 45
    The Lonely Rose. Music by M.W. Balfe, undated box Drawer 3 folder 35
    The Little Golden Ring by Robert Schumann, undated box Drawer 3 folder 36
    Love Smiles No More. Music by Berg (2 copies), undated box Drawer 3 folder 37
    The Mountaineer’s Song, undated box Drawer 3 folder 38
    My Home My Happy Home. Music by G.A. Hodson (6 copies), undated box Drawer 3 folder 39
    My Heart With Fond Emotion. Music by Donizetti, undated box Drawer 3 folder 40
    Ossian’s Serenade. Music by Ossian E. 8. Dodge (2 copies) [cover only located] box Drawer 3 folder 41
    The poetry by J. Wrey Mould, undated box Drawer 3 folder 42
    A Ride I Once Was Taking. Composed by Fred. Kucken, undated box Drawer 3 folder 43
    The Sea King’s Bride. Music by Ahlstrom (2 copies), undated box Drawer 3 folder 44
    Seek Not to Know the Future. Music by Charles W. Clover, undated box Drawer 3 folder 45
    The Serious Family Polka, undated box Drawer 3 folder 46
    Sheet music covers, undated box Drawer 3 folder 47
    Sheet music box Drawer 3 folder 48
    Somnambulist’s Song. Words by Charles Jefferys (1 copy), undated box Drawer 3 folder 49
    Song of the Gipsy, Seek not to know the future, Charles W. Clover, undated box Drawer 3 folder 50
    Songs of Germany, Sung by Mlle. Jenny Lind: Ah, Lovely, Lovely Maiden Covers of sheet music, without the music – all in one covers, undated box Drawer 3 folder 51
    Songs of Mademoiselle Jenny Lind, undated box Drawer 3 folder 52
    Soul of My Blessed Adored One, undated box Drawer 3 folder 53
    Souvenir de Jenny Lind. #4 Theme de Lucrezia Borgia, undated box Drawer 3 folder 54
    Sounds So Entrancing. Composed by Andrea’s Randel, undated box Drawer 3 folder 55
    The Swedish Carrier Dove. Arranged for guitar by M. Zorer, undated box Drawer 3 folder 56
    The Swedish Star Polka. Composed by J.T. Treakell (2 copies), undated box Drawer 3 folder 57
    Take this Lute. Composed by Jules Benedict (2 copies), undated box Drawer 3 folder 58
    Tis the Last Rose of Summer. ch: Charles Grobe, undated box Drawer 3 folder 59
    Welcome Jenny Lind in America. Composed by Francois Stuckler, undated box Drawer 3 folder 60
    Winter Warm’d Into Showers, undated box Drawer 3 folder 61
    A Set of Jenny Lind’s Songs Arranged for the Piano, undated : I’ve Left the Snow Clad Hills; The Stars of Heaven are Gleaming; The Sea Kings Bride; Farewell My Fatherland ; My Home My Happy Home box Drawer 3 folder 62
    Child of the Regiment, music by Donizetti, undated : Child of the Regiment. (4 copies); Theme de L’Infant du Regiment; Salut à La France. (2 copies) box Drawer 3 folder 63
    Farewell Songs of Jenny Lind in America (set), undated: Comin’ Thro the Rye. (2 copies); The Last Rose of Summer; Home Sweet Home. box Drawer 3 folder 64
    Set, undated: The Stars of Heav’n are Gleaming; The Sea Kings Bride; Farewell My Fatherland; My Home My Happy Home box Drawer 3 folder 65
    Set, undated: My Heart With fond Emotion; Lament For Home; The Camp Was My Home; Swedish Nightingale box Drawer 3 folder 66
    Set, undated : Olison's serenade; La Fille du Régiment; Bird Song; My Home, My Happy Home box Drawer 3 folder 67
    Plate, undated box Drawer 4 folder 1
    Brooch, undated box Drawer 4 folder 2
    Buttons with Lind, undated box Drawer 4 folder 3
    Illustration, Lind with Belleit box Drawer 4 folder 4
    Illustration, Lind at Castle Garden, undated box Drawer 4 folder 5
    Illustrations, Linden taken from various song sheets, undated box Drawer 4 folder 6
    Book, Fran Delaware till Garbo, Swedish publication with Lind and Barnum illustrations, 1938 box Drawer 4 folder 7
    Dodge's Literary Magazine, "Jenny Lind Mania" Nov 4, 1859 box Drawer 4 folder 8
    Etude, May 1938, Lind on cover box Drawer 4 folder 9
    Etude covers, 1913 box Drawer 4 folder 10
    Jenny Lind illustrations, see listing box Drawer 4 folder 11
    Gleason, Jenny Lind and Castle Garden, 1850 box Drawer 4 folder 12
    Program and ticket from first concert at Castle Garden, September 11, 1850 box Drawer 4 folder 13
    Illustration, Jenny Lind after life by Wolf box Drawer 4 folder 14
    Illustration, lithograph of Jenny Lind, box Drawer 4 folder 15
    Articles: September 3, 1850; The Illustrated London News, Reception of Jenny Lind in NY , September 21, 1850; The Illustrated London News, Jenny Lind in NY [large illus], September, 28 1850; The Illustrated London News, Jenny Lind in NY [illus], October 5, 1850; The Illustrated London News, Jenny Lind in NY , November 2, 1850; The Illustrated London News, Advertising in the United States , November 23, 1850; The Illustrated London News, Last Concert in NY, December 7, 1850; The Illustrated London News,Madame Goldschmidt at Exeter Hall [illus], December 22, 1855; The Illustrated London News, Baltimore Appearance, December 28, 1850; Norwich Weekly Courier, Farewell Visit to NY , May 28, 1851; Illustrated News of the World, Jenny Lind’s Life as an Artist [illus] , June 6, 1891; The Illustrated London News, NYC Firemen’s Testimonial [illus] , June 21, 1851; The Illustrated London News, Hartford Crowd Situation, July 26, 1851 box Drawer 4 folder 16

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    Series VI: Charles S. Stratton and M. Lavinia Warren

    Title/DescriptionInstances
    Stratton autographs and Warren autographs, December 28, 1878 box 16 folder 1
    Handbill, Stratton as Tom Thumb at the Brooklyn Institute, 1860, FRAGILE box 16 folder 2
    Handbill, Courthouse in Po’keepsie, August 26 and 27 c. 1850s-1860s box 16 folder 3
    Handbill, (copy) for Stratton at Egyptian Hall, Piccadilly, c. 1844 box 16 folder 4
    Ticket, General Tom Thumb’s Entertainment, undated box 16 folder 5
    Handbill copy, Stratton, Warren and others at Central Music Hall c. 1870s box 16 folder 6
    Handbill reproductions from Mabel Leigh Hunt c. 1954 box 16 folder 7
    Calling card , Mr. and Mrs. Stratton, February 19, no year box 16 folder 8
    Book, “Sketch of the Life of...Charles Stratton…” 1849 box 16 folder 9
    Book, “Life and Travels of Tom Thumb…” 1849 box 16 folder 10
    Book, “Sketch of the Life of General Tom Thumb…” 1852 box 16 folder 11
    Book, “Sketch of the Life of General Tom Thumb…” 1854 box 16 folder 12
    Book, “Sketch of the Life….Charles S. Stratton” 1859 box 16 folder 13
    Book, “A Sketch of the Life of Charles S. Stratton, Personal Appearance….” 1863 box 16 folder 14
    Book, “Sketch of the Life of Charles S. Stratton…” 1867 box 16 folder 15
    Book, “Sketch of the Life of Charles S. Stratton…” 1869 box 16 folder 16
    Book, “Gen. Tom Thumb’s 3 Years Tour Around the World” 1 of 2, 1872 box 16 folder 17
    Book, “Gen. Tom Thumb’s 3 Years Tour Around the World” 2 of 2, 1872 box 16 folder 18
    Book, “Sketch of the Life, Personal Appearance...of Charles S. Stratton…” 1874 box 16 folder 19
    Book, “The History of Tom Thumb” from Aunt Louisa’s series, 1875 box 16 folder 20
    Book, Madame Tussaud and Son’s catalogues, 1878; 1886 box 16 folder 21
    Book, “The Story that Never Grows Old” by Benjamin J. Bump, 1953 box 16 folder 22
    Book, MGM Presents: Tom Thumb, the great big story about a daring little man” [comic book], 1958 box 16 folder 23
    Book, “Reading the Wonders of Tom Thumb” undated box 17 folder 1
    Book, “The American General Tom Thumb” undated box 17 folder 2
    Book, “Grandmama Peases’s General Tom Thumb” undated box 17 folder 3
    Book, “Life of Gen. Tom Thumb” undated box 17 folder 4
    Book cover, “Barnum Presents: General Tom Thumb” by Alice Curtis Desmond, undated box 17 folder 5
    Title page proof for “Have You Seen Tom Thumb” by Mabel Leigh Hunt, 1942 box 17 folder 6
    Paperdoll, Stratton as Tom Thumb by McLaughlin Bros. c. 1860s box 17 folder 7
    Clipping about paper dolls of Stratton, Nutt, and others, March, 1952 box 17 folder 8
    Stratton as Tom Thumb by Charles Baugniet, 1844 box 17 folder 9
    Print of Stratton painting by R. R. Reinagle box 17 folder 10
    Illustration, Stratton as Tom Thumb under the patronage of Her Majesty the Queen box 17 folder 11
    Illustrations, Stratton as Tom Thumb in costumes from the 1861 Currier and Ives, painted over print, 1 of 2 , c. 1860s (1, 2, 3) box 17 folder 12
    Illustrations, Stratton as Tom Thumb in costumes from the 1861 Currier and Ives, painted over print, 2 of 2, c. 1860s (1, 2) box 17 folder 13
    Illustrations, Stratton as Tom Thumb in costumes from the 1861 Currier and Ives, center image. 1860s box 17 folder 14
    Illustration, Stratton as Tom Thumb in his carriage, undated box 17 folder 15
    Illustrations, Stratton’s life by E. Sears, undated (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) box 17 folder 16
    Photograph of daguerreotype of Stratton and man thought to be his father, c. 1842 box 17 folder 17
    Photograph of daguerreotype of Stratton as Napoleon, c. 1843 box 17 folder 18
    Photograph, Barnum and young Stratton, c. 1850s box 17 folder 19
    Photograph, Barnum and Stratton, stereo option, undated box 17 folder 20
    Photograph, Stratton as Tom Thumb in Scottishand Napoleon costumes; with Abraham Lincoln, done in Norwalk, C.T., c. 1850s box 17 folder 21
    Photograph, Stratton as Tom Thumb in Sailorand Napoleon costumes done in Norwalk, C.T., c. 1850s box 17 folder 22
    Photograph, Stratton in suit leaning on column, 1856 box 17 folder 23
    Stereograph, Stratton c. 1860s box 17 folder 24
    Carte de Visite, Stratton as Tom Thumb box 17 folder 25
    Photograph, Stratton performing in Scotsman costume box 17 folder 26
    Photograph, Stratton in Knights Templar uniform by George T. Burnham of Middleboro, MA, undated box 17 folder 27
    Photograph, Stratton, older, possibly with his father ,undated box 17 folder 28
    Photograph, Stratton, Warren, and a baby box 17 folder 29
    Photograph, Stratton and Warren, older, together on a balcony box 17 folder 30
    Photograph, older Stratton and Warren beside a bed (bed now held by Barnum Museum), c. 1870s-1880s box 17 folder 31
    Photograph, Stratton’s Grave at Mountain Grove Cemetery, undated box 17 folder 32
    Photograph, Stratton’s home in Bridgeport, CT, undated box 17 folder 33
    Photograph, Stratton’s carriage, undated box 17 folder 45
    Photographs, items owned by Stratton including a violin, undated box 17 folder 35
    Handbill, advertising the Fairy Wedding, 1863 box 18 folder 1
    Fairy Wedding sheet music greeting cards, 2009 box 18 folder 2
    Fairy Wedding clippings, undated box 18 folder 3
    Illustrations, Stratton and Warren taking their vows, 1863 box 18 folder 4
    Illustrations, Fairy Wedding party with Barnum, 1863 box 18 folder 5
    Illustration, the Fairy Wedding by Currier and Ives, 1863 box 18 folder 6
    Photographs, Stratton and Warren taking their vows, 1863 box 18 folder 7
    Photographs, the Fairy Wedding party, 1863 box 18 folder 8
    Individual wedding portraits of Stratton and Warren, 1863 box 18 folder 9
    Cartes de Visite of the Fairy Wedding, 1863 box 18 folder 10
    Cartes de visite from the Fairy Wedding Album, 1863 box 18 folder 11
    Trade card, Stratton and Warren in front of the crowned heads of Europe, c. 1860s-1870s box 18 folder 12
    Photograph, Stratton, both Warrens, and Nutt recreating costumes worn in front of Queen Victoria, undated box 18 folder 13
    Photograph, Nutt, Stratton, and both Warrens playing cards, undated box 18 folder 14
    Correspondence, from Lavinia Warren to Margaret Donnelly, undated box 18 folder 15
    “Some of my Life Experience” typewritten manuscript by Lavinia Warren c. 1880s-1900s box 18 folder 16
    Postcard signed by Warren and Count Primo Magri, c. 1890s-1900s box 18 folder 17
    Wedding invitations to Warren’s marriage to Primo Magri, 1891 box 18 folder 18
    Handbill (copy), Warren and Magri performing, c. 1890s-1900s box 18 folder 19
    Individual portraits of Warren, 1860s-1900s box 18 folder 20
    Photographs, Warren with Primo and Ernesto Magri, c. 1890s box 18 folder 21
    Photograph, Warren and Magri in Middleboro, MA, c. 1890-1900s box 17 folder 22
    Photographs, items belonging to Warren, undated box 18 folder 23
    Photograph, Mrs. Bump, Lavinia and Minnie Warren’s mother, undated box 18 folder 24
    Photographs, Minnie Warren and husband Edward Newell, c. 1860s-1870s box 18 folder 25
    Clippings, George Washington Morris Nutt, undated box 18 folder 26
    Carte de Visite, George Washington Morris Nutt, c. 1860s box 18 folder 27
    Carte de Visite, Nutt and Minnie Warren, c. 1860s box 18 folder 28
    Photograph, Barnum and Nutt, undated box 18 folder 29
    Portraits, Nutt, undated box 18 folder 30
    Photograph, Little people visiting Stratton’s grave, undated box 18 folder 31
    Negatives, Stratton box 18 folder 32
    Negatives, the Fairy Wedding, 1863 box 18 folder 33
    Negatives, Stratton and Warren box 18 folder 45
    Negatives, Warren box 18 folder 35
    Handbill, General Tom Thumb at Lycem Hall, Lynn, July 27 and 28, no year. box Drawer 5 folder 1
    Book, General Tom Thumb's 3 Years Tours Around the World by S. Bleeker, 1872 box Drawer 5 folder 2
    Book, Life and Travels of Tom Thumb, 1849 box Drawer 5 folder 3
    Book, The History of Tom Thumb from Aunt Louisa's series, 1875 box Drawer 5 folder 4
    Book, History of General Tom Thumb, undated box Drawer 5 folder 5
    Book cover and promo items, The Autobiography of Mrs Tom Thumb with an introduction by A.H. Saxon, c. 1980s? box Drawer 5 folder 6
    Token with Stratton on it, 1846 box Drawer 5 folder 7
    Medallions featuring Stratton, (3), undated box Drawer 5 folder 8
    Sheet music, Fairy Wedding Waltz. Music by J.W. Turner (3 copies), undated box Drawer 5 folder 9
    Sheet music, Tom Thumb’s Polka. Composed by W. Mardon, undated box Drawer 5 folder 10
    Sheet music, General Tom Thumb Quadrilles, undated box Drawer 5 folder 11
    The Christian Intelligencer, October 12, 1844 box Drawer 5 folder 12
    Norwich Courier, Article about Stratton, January 20, 1857 box Drawer 5 folder 13
    Harper's Weekly, full paper, June 27, 1863 box Drawer 5 folder 14
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, February 28, 1863 box Drawer 5 folder 15
    Clipping, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, departure after Fairy Wedding, November 9, 1864 box Drawer 5 folder 16
    Clipping, Sunday News, "They Were the World's Littlest Lovers" November 7, 1957 box Drawer 5 folder 17
    Clipping, Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, fruit basket and cake, February 28, 1863 box Drawer 5 folder 18
    Photocopy of Stratton lithograph by Day and Haghe, 1844 (accession 1974.09) box Drawer 5 folder 19
    Photocopy of Stratton as a child with his father, undated box Drawer 5 folder 20
    Illustration, L'Admiral Tom Puce, 1852 box Drawer 5 folder 21
    Illustration, General Tom Thumb and Wife, Comm. Nutt and Minnie Warren, undated box Drawer 5 folder 22
    Illustration, Fairy Wedding lithograph by Currier and Ives box Drawer 5 folder 23
    Illustration, Tom Thumb as a child by J/ Baillie, c1844. box Drawer 5 folder 24
    Illustration, Gen. Tom Thumb as he appeared before her Majesty Queen Victoria. (backed on heavy cardboard), undated box Drawer 5 folder 25
    Framed illustration of Stratton sitting on sofa and Warren holding a baby, undated box Drawer 5 folder 26
    Box contained 3 tintypes of Stratton, Warren, and Nutt, undated box Drawer 5 folder 27
    Tintypes of Slybester Bleeker and unknown man box Drawer 5 folder 28
    Tinype of Fairy wedding, box Drawer 5 folder 29
    Small lead statue of Stratton, undated box Drawer 5 folder 30
    2 sheets of clippings about Fairy Wedding#236/3.50 box Drawer 5 folder 31
    New York Herald, March 15, 1847 box Drawer 5 folder 32
    Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, January 17, 1868 box Drawer 5 folder 33
    The Illustrated London News, December 17, 1845 box Drawer 5 folder 45
    Harper’s Weekly, February 21, 1863 box Drawer 5 folder 35
    Illustration, Collage frame of General Tom Thumb in his Characters, now performing with Barnum’s Traveling Museum and Menagerie box Drawer 5 folder 36
    Posters for Tom Thumb Weddings, October 28, 1926; October 4, 1840 box Drawer 5 folder 37
    Harper’s Weekly, February 2, 21, 1863, Fairy Wedding cover box Drawer 5 folder 38
    The Fairy Wedding Album - ACCESS RESTRICTED Due to the fragile nature of the Fairy Wedding Album, access to it is restricted. A full digital copy is available online. box Special oversized housing folder 1

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